西红花真菌性病害与生防菌鉴定研究进展

西红花Crocus sativus为多年生草本植物，具有活血化瘀、凉血解毒、抗癌、抗氧化等多种药用价值。由于无性繁殖及连作障碍，西红花病害日益严重；以真菌性引起的西红花球茎腐烂病害最为常见，造成西红花产量锐减，严重影响产业发展。解决真菌性病害是提高西红花产量与品质的有效途径之一。围绕西红花土壤真菌性病害、西红花内生真菌、西红花真菌病害生防菌的分离与鉴定研究进展等展开综述，分析西红花研究前景。后续研究可以从3个方向展开，一是基于现代宏基因组测序技术挖掘西红花球茎腐烂致病菌和拮抗菌，二是基于合成生物学和发酵工程技术方法实现西红花药效物质的异源高效生物合成，三是创制西红花脱毒新种质，为生产提供可靠的优质种源。本研究能为西红花真菌性病害防治、生物菌肥的开发利用等研究提供参考。表3参89

Research progress of fungal diseases in Crocus sativus and identification of biocontrol bacteria

Crocus sativus is a perennial herb with medicinal values such as promoting blood circulation and removing stasis, cooling blood and detoxification, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation. Due to vegetative propagation and successive cropping obstacle, the disease of C. sativus is aggravated day by day. And the corm rot disease caused by the fungus is the most common, which causes a sharp decline in C. sativus output, and seriously affects its industrial development. To conquer fungal disease is one of the effective ways to improve its yield and quality. In this study, the research progress on isolation and identification of soil fungal diseases, endophytic fungi and biocontrol bacteria of C. sativus is reviewed, and research prospect is analyzed. The follow-up research can be carried out from three directions. First, based on modern metagenome sequencing technology, the pathogen and antagonistic bacteria of the corm rot of C. sativus should be studied. Second, based on synthetic biology and fermentation engineering methods, heterologous and efficient biosynthesis of effective substances in C. sativus should be realized. The third is to create a new germplasm for detoxification of C. sativus to provide reliable and high quality provenance for production. This study can provide a reference for research on prevention and control of fungal diseases and the development and utilization of biological fertilizer. [Ch, 3 tab. 89 ref.]