Performance of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings and micropropagated plantlets on an east Texas site: II. Water relations |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Forest Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2135, USA;2. Department of Biology, East Carolina State University, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA;1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, West Sussex, United Kingdom;2. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China;3. Institute of Natural Resources, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;4. University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa;5. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia;6. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, P.R. China;7. Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China;8. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil;9. Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife, Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, United States;1. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;3. School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;1. Forest Science and Technology Center of Catalonia, Ctra. de Sant LLorenç de Morunys, Km 2, 25280 Solsona, Spain;2. Escuela Técnica Superior Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain;3. Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Havenlaan 88 bus 73, 1000 Brussel, Belgium;1. The Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA 01610, USA;2. Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, 344 Crater Rim Drive, Volcano, HI 96718, USA;3. Clark Labs, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, MA 01610, USA;4. Department of Natural Sciences, University of Alaska Southeast, 11120 Glacier Highway, Juneau, AK 99801, USA;1. Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Vegetal, Brazil;2. Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Brazil;3. Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia (LFN), Escola Superior de Agricultura, Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ – USP), Brazil;4. Laboratório de Histotécnica Vegetal, Brazil;5. Laboratório de Ecologia Energética, Brazil;6. Grupo Aplicado ao Levantamento e Espacialização dos Solos, Brazil;1. Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States;2. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama, Republic of Panama;3. College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia;4. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China;5. Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Ecology and Sustainability, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China;6. Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States |
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| Abstract: | Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings and plantlets, produced from drought resistant genetic families were planted in east Texas and their relative water relations compared through the first two, sixth and seventh growing seasons. Stock type (seedling or plantlet) had a larger influence on water relations than did family source in the early years. Seedlings exhibited more of those characteristics generally considered to benefit survival under harsh environments. The principal difference between stock types was the degree of progressive decrease in predawn water potential (Ψpre) through the growing season. On average and across families, Ψpre decreased through the first growing season by 32 and 17% for plantlets and seedlings, respectively.Complete stomatal closure was never observed for any genetic source or stock type even when water potential was below ?2.0 MPa. However, seedlings exhibited more stomatal regulation by lowering their stomatal conductance when water deficit was encountered, and increasing it during periods of favorable soil moisture availability. Predawn water potential was never below ?0.9 MPa for any tree in either of the two first growing seasons. Although significant differences between seedling and plantlet performance were observed, their magnitude was small and diminished in the later years (sixth and seventh growing seasons). We conclude that plantlets need further development to be considered as a viable regeneration source for loblolly pine plantations on sites where summer drought is common. |
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