野生二粒小麦物候期与主要农艺性状特征研究

对以色列6个不同地区野生二粒小麦(Triticum dicoccoides)的物候期及主要农艺性状特征进行了观察分析。结果表明,来源于这6个地区的野生二粒小麦物候性状存在着明显的差异,其中,有3个物候期和7个农艺性状指标的单因素方差分析达极显著差异水平;这些指标间的斯皮尔曼秩相关检定显示,小穗重与旗叶期、出芒期和开花期存在显著负相关,而小穗裸粒重与每穗及其每株小穗数则成正相关。将这些指标与各群体起源地的14个生态地理因素作斯皮尔曼秩相关检定,结果显示,大多数彼此间具有显著的相关性。分析表明,源自不同地区的以色列野生二粒小麦物候性状差异明显,这些差异的形成是在特定的生态条件下长期适应性选择进化的结果,是产生野生二粒小麦遗传多样性的基础,并为现代栽培小麦改良提供极其丰富的基因资源。

Study on phenological period and main agronomic characters of Triticum dicoccoides populations from Israel

The phenological period and main agronomic characters of Triticum dicoccoides populations from 6 different regions of Israel were analyzed.The results showed that there was significant difference between 6 populations from different regions in the phenological period and there was very significant difference in the indexes of three phenological periods and seven agronomic characters.There was a significant negative correlation between spikelet weight and flag leaf stage,awn emergence stage,flowering stage and a positive correlation between the weight of naked seeds per spikelet and spikelets per spike,spikelets per plant.There were significant correlations betwween 14 ecogeographical factors.The different formation of these Triticum dicoccoides was the results of long-term selected evolutionadaptability under the special ecological condition and the basis of producing genetic diversity of Triticum dicoccoides,which can provide abundant gene resources for improving modern wheat varieties.