杉木木材基本密度变异的研究

利用设置在分布区北缘江苏宁镇丘陵（句容、江宁）的各种试验测定林所收集的２４个种源、５０个江苏当地种源优树半同胞子代、１７个产地间杂交组合子代４９０株平均木选择材料，以及融水种源山洼、山谷、山坡３种栽植立地，３０００、４９５０、６０００株·ｈｍ－２３种栽植密度，以及６、８、１０、１５、１８ａ等５个年龄组林分２７５株样木材料研究杉木木材的基本密度变异规律。结果表明，杉木全分布区试验不同种源，江苏种源优树自由受粉子代家系，江苏江宁×四川德昌种源产地杂交组合子代间有显著的遗传变异（依次为：Ｆ＝６．７１＊＊＞Ｆ０．０１＝２．４０；Ｆ＝３．８７＊＊＞Ｆ０．０１＝２．１９；Ｆ＝２．６３＊＞Ｆ０．０５＝２．３６），具有选择改良潜力。栽植立地对融水种源幼龄材基本密度没有明显影响；林龄与栽植密度是引起木材基本密度变异的重要因素。供试测定材料基本密度与材积生长没有统计置信的负相关关系，性状间影响弱。杉木材性改良及生长与材性联合改良，可按“生长（材积）、材性（基本密度）两阶段独立选择法”进行改良。

Study on the Variation of Wood Basic Densities of Chinese Fir

Bytheuseoftechnologyofgeneticimprovment,thetestshavebeencollected24provenancesinlowhillarea(Jurong,Jiangning)ofitsnortherndistribution:50offspringsofelitetreesofhalfsibfamiliesofnativeprovenanceinJiangsu;490treesoftheoffspringsofhybridgroupsof17eliteprovenances;plantationfieldswere3groupsofmountainvalley,hillsideandgully;Plantationdensitieswere3000treeshm-2,4950treeshm-2and6000treeshm-2;and5agegrouptestswith275treeswere6,8,10,15and18yearold.ResearchresultsshowedthatamongtheprovenancesofJiangsu,offspringsofhalfsibfamiliesandeliteofwoodcharacterofoffspringofhybridgroupshadsingnificantgeneticvariance.ThewoodofbasicdensitiesofyoungtreesofeliteofRongshuiprovenancedidnthaveobviouseffectamongplantationfieldtests;ageandplantationdensities(30006000treeshm-2)aretheimportantfactors,causingthevarianceofwoodbasicdensitiesofChinesefir.ThewoodbasicdensitiesofChinesefirandgrowthcharacteristicsgenerallydidnthavenegativegeneticrelationship.Theimprovementofwoodcharacterorgrowthandcoimprovementofwoodcharactercanallbedo