盆地经验与中国农业文化的生态节制景观

长期的盆地生态经验,对中国农业文化的发展有非常重要的意义.盆地作为一种具有明确边界、相对稳定而又利于防御的景观,对家园意识、后嗣道德、内源需求导向的自力型经济的发展,都有促进作用;资源的有限性和空间的隔离性导致人口长期处于近饱和状态.盆地的这些效应都有利于盆地农业文化生态节制行为的发展,并实现资源和环境的持续利用.村落分布的边缘优先原则、“风水林”的保护和水资源的合理分配和再利用等,都是中国农业生态节制行为的典型.由于独特的盆地经验,中国农业文化的生态节制行为并不是以单一资源的持续利用为目的,而是以整体农业生态环境和居住环境的保护和持续利用为目的的,因而具有鲜明的特色和深远的意义,值得我们珍重.

Basin Experience of Chinese Agriculture and the Ecological Prudent Landscape

The long agricultural experience of basin landscape has contributed greatly to the development of the Chinese culture. Basins as well defined, isolated and defensible eco-cultural regions are favourable for the development of territory sense,posterity ethics,pure and well organized society, and an endogenous self-reliant economy. All these contribute to the development of cultural ecological prudent behavior in Chinese agriculture. Basin-edge settled villages, Feng-shui forests, water rationing and conservancy systems, etc. are typical ecological prudent landscape features. To maintain and improve the general environment of agricultural production and living is the dominant aim of ecological prudent behavior of Chinese agriculture.