土壤侵蚀作用是雏形土和新成土广泛分布的成因研究

为研究土壤侵蚀对土壤类型及其分布的影响,以华北地区京、津、冀、晋四省市的418个土系的典型土壤剖面为研究对象,统计处于不同地形部位的诊断表层类型、诊断表下层类型和土纲类型的数量,并分析不同地形坡度和侵蚀程度对其分布的影响.结果表明:1)诊断表层以淡薄表层为主要类型,所占比例82.06％,主要分布在海拔低的山地中、上坡,...

Soil erosion is the main influence process of the widely distributed cambosols and primosols

Soil erosion and erosion material deposition are widespread. Taking 418 typical soil profiles distributed in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Shanxi as the research objects, the quantity of diagnostic surface horizons, diagnostic subsurface horizons and soil types at different topographic position was accounted, and the influence of different slope and erosion degree was analyzed. The results showed that: 1)The main type of diagnosis surface horizon is ochric epipedon, which is accounted to 82. 06%. It is mainly located in the middle and uphill mountains with low altitude and prone to erosion; 2)For the diagnostic subsurface horizons, the proportion of the cambic horizon, which is more than 60%, is the highest. Most of them are distributed in the middle region of the mountain and the plain area where the parent material is recently deposited from soil erosion of mountain area. This makes the 418 soil profiles are mostly classified as Cambosols and Primosols and the least is Argosols; 3)The influence of slope and erosion degree on those soil profiles is analyzed and the result showed that the soil profiles are mostly located in 0°-5° and micro erosion, which accounted to 51. 7% and 59. 1%, respectivley. Therefore, the mountainous topography, frequent tectonic movement, continental monsoon climate and mankind disturbs are the influential factors of soil erosion; the most important influence on soil type and soil type distribution is not the process of soil formation, but the process of soil erosion in the survey area. Therefore, the influence of soil erosion on soil formation, classification and soil type distribution should be added in the textbook of soil geography.