试论林业科技英语术语的特点和翻译

林业科技英语术语的正确翻译是保证林业科技英语翻译质量的首要前提,事关能否准确有效地传播国外林业的先进科学和技术。但此类术语覆盖面广、词量丰富、新词渐增、词源复杂、同近义词众多、一词多用现象普遍,译时常遇诸多困难。加之英汉两种语言表达习惯不尽相同,致使翻译难度更大。本文通过对上述情况的分析,总结了此类术语古旧词时新化、普通词术语化、复杂词缩略化、传统方法沿袭化等构词特征和有关语义特点,从而相应地提出了术语翻译的三条准则和八条技巧,并向志在成功的译者们提出了有关的建议。

ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH TERMINOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN FORESTRY

In order to discuss the characteristics and translation of English terminologies of forest science and technology, certain definitions about forestry are dealt with so that the category of the topic of this paper can be determined and easily known, Broadly speaking, forestry is the science of managing forested land along with associated wasteland and waters for the benefit of society with its chief objects of raising, improving, and harvesting of successive crops of timber, which includes conservation of soil and water, management of wildlife resources, seed improvement, tending management, breeding and afforestation, logging and transportation, development and utilization of forest products. urban forestry and recreaction etc.. That is why this paper touches upon more than 30 branches of learning by taking their terminologies as a whole. By analysing 5 characteristics of the English terminologies, the author describes the rules of word-formation and the characteristics of semantics in this field. On the basis of the features and rules of the terminologies, 3 translating criteria are presented, 8 term-translating techniques from English into Chinese are introduced, and some necessary requirements for the translators are suggested as well.