湖南主要经济林树种滞留PM2.5等颗粒污染物能力研究

以湖南省7种常见经济林树种为研究对象,研究其在单位叶面积上对空气中PM2.5等颗粒物的滞留量,为揭示湖南省主要经济林树种降低空气中PM2.5等颗粒污染物能力提供科学依据。结果表明:不同树种单位叶面积吸附PM2.5的量各不相同,主要受其叶表微结构、枝叶密集度、叶质地、叶面倾角等因素的影响。各树种单位叶面积吸附PM2.5量由大到小排序依次为板栗(0.144μg/cm~2)、柑橘(0.038μg/cm~2)、油茶(0.034μg/cm~2)、花椒(0.03μg/cm~2)、枣(0.029μg/cm~2)、杜仲(0.023μg/cm~2)、光皮树(0.019μg/cm~2)。各树种单位叶面积吸附TSP、PM1、PM10量大小排序规律基本相同。板栗单位叶面积吸附TSP、PM1、PM10量最大,分别达到1.088、0.04、0.47μg/cm~2,光皮树单位叶面积吸附的TSP、PM1、PM10量最小,分别为0.119、0.006、0.048μg/cm~2。就叶习性而言,单位叶面积吸附的TSP、PM1、PM10、PM2.5量表现为常绿树种大于落叶树种。

Research on the energies of detaining PM2.5 and other particulate pollutants of some major non-wood forest tree species in Hunan

With seven kinds of common non-wood forest tree species in Hunan Province as the research objects, detained amount per unit leaf area of PM2.5 and other particulate pollutants in air was researched, in order to provide some scientiifc basis for revealing the energies of the main non-wood forest tree species in Hunan province reducing PM2.5 and other particulate pollutants in air. The results showed that the PM2.5 adsorption amount per unit leaf area of different tree species were not different, and it was mainly affected by leaf surface microstructure, branches and leaves density, leaf texture, leaf angle, and so on. Based on the PM2.5 adsorption amount per unit leaf area from high to low, the order of the tree species wasCastanea mollissima (0.144μg/cm2),Citrus reticulata (0.038μg/cm2),Camellia oleifera (0.034μg/cm2), Zanthoxylum bungeanum (0.03μg/cm2),Ziziphus jujuba(0.029μg/cm2), Eucommia ulmoides (0.023μg/cm2),Swida wilsoniana (0.019μg/cm2). The orders of the tree species of adsorption amount of TSP, PM1 and PM10 per unit leaf area were basically the same. Adsorption amount of TSP, PM1 and PM10 per unit leaf area of C. mollissimawere the highest and reached 1.088, 0.04, 0.47μg/cm2, respectively. Those indexes ofS. wilsonianawere the lowest and reached 0.119, 0.006, 0.048μg/cm2, respectively. In terms of leaf habit, adsorption amount of TSP, PM1, PM10 and PM2.5 per unit leaf area of the evergreen trees were higher than that of the deciduous species.