东方百合对茎腐病的抗性分析

为探明东方百合茎腐病的发病机制及抗病机理，以湖南株洲地区的东方百合为材料，分别采用升汞消毒、刺伤浸苗接种、超声波甲醇浸提、混液平板等方法对其病原菌进行了分离、抗病性鉴定、皂苷含量及活性测定。结果显示：尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum为湖南株洲地区东方百合茎腐病病原菌；30份自主培育的东方百合材料通过聚类分析可划分为3类，包含抗病材料3份、中抗材料16份、感病材料11份，其中y、ZN-12和ZN-27的抗病指数都在65.00以上；抗病材料的总皂苷含量明显高于感病材料，且皂苷含量与抗性水平之间极显著相关；总皂苷含量为1.194 mg/mL的提取液对茎腐病病原菌菌丝生长的抑制率为29.39%。表明y、ZN-12和ZN-27具有较好的开发潜力；总皂苷含量与东方百合抗茎腐病水平密切相关，可作为大规模筛选抗病材料的一个重要指标。

Resistance analysis of Lilium Oriental to bulb rot

In order to explore the pathogenesis and resistance mechanisms of Lilium Oriental to bulb rot, isolation of pathogen, identification of resistance, determination of saponin content and activity were carried out based on materials from Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, using the methods of HgCl₂ disinfection, stabbing and soaking seedlings, ultrasonic methanol extraction and mixed liquid plate culture, respectively. The results showed that Fusarium oxysporum was the pathogen which caused Lilium Oriental bulb rot in the area of Zhuzhou. According to the cluster analysis, 30 self-cultivation materials of Lilium Oriental could be divided into three groups, including three resistant, 16 moderately resistant and 11 susceptible materials; the resistance index of y, ZN-12 and ZN-27 exceeded 65.00. The content of total saponin, which showed a highly significant correlation with resistance level, was obviously higher in resistant materials than that in susceptible materials. The extraction solution of total saponin could inhibit the mycelial growth of pathogen; the inhibition rate reached 29.39% at the concentration of 1.194 mg/mL. The y, ZN-12 and ZN-27 had good potential for development, and total saponin content was closely related to the resistance level of Lilium Oriental to bulb rot, which could be used as an important indicator for large-scale screening of resistant materials.