主要栽培管理措施与黄淮区水稻黑条矮缩病发生的关系

为探明栽培管理措施与黄淮区水稻黑条矮缩病发生的关系，采用田间实地调查法研究了灌水、施氮、落谷密度和防虫网处理对水稻黑条矮缩病发生的影响，并对黄淮区主要水稻品种进行抗（耐）病筛选。结果表明，秧田期减小落谷量和施氮量，发病率最高可分别降低78.5%和77.7%；水稻抽穗前采用浅湿灌溉与深水处理相比，发病率最高可降低70.3%；秧田期防虫网处理与无防虫网相比，发病率最高可降低87.6%；分蘖期不施氮肥处理较过量施氮发病率最高可降低83.5%。黄淮区主要品种抗（耐）病性存在显著差异，抗病和产量性状都较好的品种为新稻20和苏秀10号，而金粳18可能对该病具有较强的耐害性。因此，在黄淮稻区，采用浅湿灌溉方式，适当减少施氮量和落谷量，秧田期采用防虫网处理，并选择抗（耐）病品种，可减轻黑条矮缩病对水稻生产的危害。

The relationship between main cultivation management measures and the incidence of the rice black-streaked dwarf disease in Huanghuai area

In order to investigate the relationship between cultivation management measures and the rice black-streaked dwarf disease incidence in Huanghuai area, the effects of seeding density, irrigation method, insect-proof nets during seedling bed period and nitrogen fertilizer application on rice black-streaked dwarf disease incidence were studied under field conditions. Meanwhile, main rice varieties in Huanghuai area were screened according to their resistance (tolerance) to rice black-streaked dwarf disease. The results indicated that the disease incidence could be reduced by 78.5% and 77.7%, respectively, by reducing seeding density and nitrogen fertilizer application. Compared with the deep water layer, the shallow wet irrigation method reduced the disease incidence by 70.3%. Covering insect-proof nets during seedling bed period reduced the disease incidence by 87.6%, compared with no insect-proof nets for the variety of Lindao 18. The treatment without nitrogen fertilizer application reduced the disease incidence by 83.5%, compared with the excessive nitrogen fertilizer application treatment. Rice varieties mainly planted in Huanghuai area differed significantly in the resistance (tolerance) to the disease. The varieties of Xindao 20 and Suxiu 10 were better at both yield formation and disease resistance, and Jinjing 18 was likely to have strong tolerance to the disease. Therefore, in order to reduce the damage of rice black-streaked dwarf disease to rice production in Huanghuai rice planting area, the shallow wet irrigation methods should be adopted, seeding density and nitrogen fertilizer application be reduced suitably, coupled with insect-proof nets during seedling bed period, and the varieties resistant (tolerant) to rice black-streaked dwarf disease should be applied.