氯丁唑不同施用方法对新红星幼树生长发育和开花结果的影响

目的]为了解决新红星苹果幼树营养生长强旺,冠内枝条容易直立,进入盛果期较晚,采用常规方法管理树体费工费时的问题。方法]设4个处理(Ⅰ喷施1500mg/kg、Ⅱ埋施1.5g/穴、Ⅲ埋施1.8g/穴、Ⅳ埋施2.2g/穴),研究了氯丁唑的喷施和土壤埋施的不同方法对新红星苹果幼树的生长发育、花芽分化及单株产量的影响。结果]随着氯丁唑使用量的增加,主干粗度生长呈递减的趋势;当年处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ分别比对照生长量降低了45.97%、37.39%、48.64%、61.47%。第2年,降低了18.64%、32.03%、55.15%和59.93%,各处理的春梢顶芽封顶时间比对照早7～13d。平均株产和单果重不同处理间亦存在显著差异。结论]施用氯丁唑可以有效抑制新红星苹果幼树的营养生长,促进生殖生长,以每穴埋施1.5g效果最佳。

Effect of Applying Paclobutrazol Method on Growth and Development,Blossom and Fruiting of Starkimson Young Saplings

Objective The study was conducted to solve the problems appeared in Starkimson young trees,such as strong nutrient growth,the branches in corona erecting easily,late going into full fruit period and taking much time and labour in tree management by normal method.Method Effects of paclobutrazol used by spraying and burying in soil on growth,development,flower bud differentiation of young trees and per plant yield of Starkimson young trees were studied with 4 treatments as Ⅰ spaying paclobutrazol 1 500 mg/kg,Ⅱ burying paclobutrazol in soil 1.5 g/hole,Ⅲburying paclobutrazol in soil 1.8 g/hole andⅣburying paclobutrazol in soil 2.2 g/hole.Result Stem width growth presented a degressive trend as consumption of paclobutrazol increased.The growth increments in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲand Ⅳ decreased by 45.97 %,37.39 %,48.64 % and 61.47 % respectively in first year and 18.64 %,32.03 %,55.15 % and 59.93 % respectively in the second year than those in CK.The capping time of apical buds of spring shoots in every treatment was 7~13 days earlier than that in CK.Average yield per tree and single fruit weight had significant difference among different treatments.Conclusion Paclobutrazol could restrain nutrient growth and promote reproductive growth of Starkimson young trees effectively and the Ⅱwith burying had best effect.