广州市野生湿地植物资源调查

对广州市野生湿地植物资源进行调查统计,共记录了野生湿地植物142种(含变种),隶属于46科,98属,各样地物种丰富度指数加权平均值为9.83,其中从化流溪河温泉湿地、南沙十八涌湿地、增城鹤之洲湿地和花都湿地公园等4个湿地丰富度指数大于广州市湿地野生植物平均丰富度指数.按照生活型划分,广州野生湿地植物以草本植物占绝对优势,如灯心草(Juncus effusus)、风车草(Cyperus alternefolius subsp.flabelliformis)等;按照生长环境划分,以中生类型占优势,如五节芒(Miscanthus oridulus)、水翁(Cleistocalyx operculatus)、蓼(Polygonum kawagoeanum)等;按照生态习性划分,以阳生类型占优势,如木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)、秋茄(Kandelia candel)、风车草等;按照生活方式划分,以挺水类型占绝对优势,如风车草、鸭跖草(Commelina communis)等.湿地建设应先进行资源调查,科学规划;建设过程中应尽量保持原生湿地环境,优先选用本土植物;同时加强监督执法和普及资源保护宣传.

Investigation of Wetland Plant Resources in Guangzhou

Based on investigating of wetland plant resources in Guangzhou, there were 142 species (including varieties) of wetland plants, which belonged to 46 families and 98 genus. The weighted average of species richness indices in different sample plots was 9.83, and the indices of species richness of the 4 wetlands inclucling Conghua Liuxihe Wetland, Nansha 18 Spring Wetland, Zengcheng Crane Island Wetland and Huadu Wetland Park, were higher than average index of the wetland plants in Guangzhou. According to the living type division, herbaceous plants was in absolute advantages, such as Juncus effusus, Cyperus alternefolius subsp. flabelliformis, etc; according to the growing environment division, mesophytes plants was in absolute advantages, such as Miscanthus floridulus, Cleistocalyx operculatus, Polygonum kawagoeanum, etc; according to the ecological habit division, sun-ground plants was in absolute advantages, such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Kandelia candel, C. alternefolius, etc; according to the life-style division, emergent plants was in absolute advantages, such as C. alternefolius, Commelina communis, etc. The proposals of future wetland construction should be resources investigation going first, scientific planning and construction, keeping the original wetland environment, preferential of native plants, strengthen supervision and law enforcement, and popularization environmental and natural resources of protection.