深松和灌水次数对春玉米耗水特性及产量的影响

试验设置深松条件下灌水3次和4次(SI3和SI4)两个处理,以常规浅旋耕灌水3次和4次(RI3和RI4)为对照,研究深松及灌水次数对超高产春玉米生育期耗水规律、灌浆特性及产量的影响。结果表明,与常规浅旋耕相比较,深松处理可显著改善40~100 cm深层土壤水分条件,为深层根系的水分吸收提供保障,促进春玉米生长发育。深松处理较浅旋耕处理生产单位玉米平均节水量为0.149 m~3/kg,节水6.66%,单位耗水量增产量为0.322 kg/m~3,增产7.17%。相同灌水次数条件下,深松处理显著提高春玉米产量构成因素,增产达12.47%。

Effect of Subsoiling and Irrigation Frequency on Water Consumption Characteristics and Yield of Super High Yield Spring Maize

To solve the plain irrigation of Inner Mongolia poor soil structure, plow pan thickness and drought and water shortage and other issues, test set up deep loosening under the condition of watering 3 times and 4 times(SI3 and SI4) two processing, conventional shallow tillage watering 3 times and 4 times(RI3 and RI4) as control, to study the effects of deep loosening and irrigation times for water consumption and the filling characteristics and yield during the super high yield spring maize growth period. The results showed that, compared with conventional shallow tillage, subsoiling treatment can significantly improve the 40-100 cm deep soil moisture conditions, provide security for the deep root of water absorption and promote spring maize growth and development. Among them, compared with the control treatment, sobsoiling can save the amount of maize production units for 0.149 m³/kg, water-saving 6.66%; increment unit water consumption is 0.322 kg/m³, to increase production by 7.17%. Subsoiling treatment can significantly improve the spike number, 1 000-grain weight and yield under the same irrigation frequency, the yield increased by 12.47%.