大球盖菇多糖碱法提取条件优化研究

为了探讨大球盖菇多糖碱法提取最佳工艺条件，为大球盖菇多糖的综合开发利用提供参考依据。采用100目菇粉碱液浸提方法，进行碱液浓度(pH)、液料比(mL/g)、温度(℃)和提取时间(min)的单因素试验和四因素三水平[L₉(3⁴)]的正交试验，用硫酸苯酚方法测定提取的多糖并计算得率。结果表明：4种因素对大球盖菇多糖提取的影响程度强弱顺序为pH影响最大，时间次之，温度再次之，液料比影响最小。pH 9，提取时间为50 min，温度为70℃，液料比为60 mL/g的组合是大球盖菇多糖提取的最佳条件，大球盖菇多糖的提取得率最高达8.12%。碱法提取是大球盖菇多糖较好的提取方法。该提取工艺条件简单、稳定、可行。

Optimized Extraction Conditions of Stropharia rugosoannulata Polysaccharides by Alkaline Method

The aim is to explore the optimum extraction conditions of Stropharia rugosoannulata polysaccharide by alkaline method and provide references for S.rugosoannulata polysaccharide utilization. The 100 orders powder of S.rugosoannulata was prepared for polysaccharide extraction. The orthogonal test of the single factor or four factors including alkaline concentration (pH), solid to liquid ratio (mL/g) , temperature (℃) and extraction time (min) on three levels was used to determine the optimum extraction method. The yield of polysaccharide was calculated by phenol-sulfuric method. The results showed that the extraction yield of polysaccharide was affected in order by pH, time, temperature and solid to liquid ratio. The best condition to extract polysaccharide was: pH 9, 50 min of extraction time, 70℃, and 60 mL/g of solid to liquid ratio. The extraction yield of polysaccharides of S. rugosoannulata reached 8.12%. This means alkaline method is preferable to extract S. rugosoannulata polysaccharide. At the same time, such extraction process is simple, stable and feasible in S. rugosoannulata polysaccharide extraction.