菜用大豆品种花荚粒形成的初步研究

通过对24个菜用大豆品种花荚及籽粒形成的比较,认为不同熟期类型品种间发育规律存在差异。早熟品种较晚熟品种花、荚形成发育快,时间短,脱落也快。籽粒形成主要集中在三个时期:籽粒重在中后期,荚皮重在中前期,荚重在中期。中期的生殖生长是籽粒形成的基础,也是影响产量的关键。因此在江苏徐淮地区的生态条件下,鼓粒前的花荚期长短是选择菜用大豆品种生育指标的重要因素。菜用大豆鼓粒前的花荚期以20d左右为宜。

The Preliminary Study on Development Character of Flowers-pods and Seeds in Vegetable Soybean Cultivars

The experimental results on development character of flowers, pods and seeds in 24 vegetable soybean cultivars showed that there was difference between different maturing types cultivars in reproductive organ development. Compared to late cultivars,Early cultivars were more fast in flower and pod development, short in time and fast in pod shedding. The seed formation focused in three period: fresh seed weight was formed in middle and later stage, pod rind weight in middle and beginning stage, pod weight in middle stage. The development in middle stage was basis of seed formation and key of yield accumulation. The result suggested that 20 days was is the suitable flowering and podding period for vegetable soybean cultivar selection.