不同前茬对麒麟烟区烤烟化学成分及协调性的影响

【目的】为优化云南省曲靖市麒麟烟区轮作制度、烤烟的合理布局，提高麒麟烟叶产量及优质烟叶生产提供理论指导。【方法】在麒麟区选择空闲、绿肥、蚕豆、大麦4种不同前茬地块种植云烟85，并对烤烟上、中、下部烟叶内含成分进行比较分析。【结果】前茬为大麦时，中、下部烟叶氯含量最低，中部叶烟碱含量低，糖碱比较高；前茬为绿肥时，所有烟叶化学指标处于较高含量，钾氯比较大；前茬为空闲时，各部位烟叶含有较高的总糖、还原糖、钾含量，且中、下部叶氯含量和烟碱含量少，化学成分协调性较好；前茬为蚕豆时，烟叶氯含量、总糖、还原糖含量偏低，而氮、烟碱含量较高。【结论】麒麟烟区可实施前茬空闲或种植大麦与烤烟轮作的方式，既能降低烟叶烟碱、氯含量，又能保持一定的总糖、还原糖含量，从而提高烟叶化学品质。

Effects of different preceding crops on chemical properties and compatibilities of flue-cured tobacco in Qilin district, Yunnan Province

[Objective]Rotation system and flue-cured tobacco distribution in Qilin district , Yunnau Province were optimized to provide theoretical guide for yield increase and quality improvement of tobacco leaves. [Method]The Yunyan 85 tobacco was planted in the soils with four different earlier-cropping crops, viz., fallow, green manure, horsebean and barley, and the contents of chemical components in different parts （top, middle, adn bottom） of the flue-cured tobacco leaves were compared. [ Result]When the earlier-cropping crop was barley, chlorine contents in the middle and lower leaves were the lowest, the nicotine of the middle leaves was low while the ratio of sugar and nicotine was high. When it was green ma- nure before the tobacco, all the chemical contents were at a high level, and the ratio of potassium and chlorine was high. When the soil was fallow previously, both chlorine and nicotine contents of the middle and lower leaves were lower than other parts while the total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium content were high, and the chemical components were compati- ble. The total sugar, reducing sugar and chlorine contents were low while nitrogen and nicotine were hig when the preceding crop was horse bean. [ Suggestion ] By adopting the rotation of vacant field or barley with the flue-cured tobacco in Qilin district, chemical properties of tobacco leaves were improved because of low content of nicotine and chlorine as well as sta- ble content of total sugar and reducing sugar.