喀斯特地区茶条木种子萌发及生态适应性

【目的】探讨野生茶条木种子在喀斯特地区的萌发及其生态适应性，为喀斯特地区生态恢复与重建提供参考依据。【方法】采用直播法，结合室内试验和野外试验，观察温度和土壤含水量对茶条木种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响。【结果】茶条木种子的平均大小为12.62 mm×12.23 mm，百粒重约83.69 g，含水量22.28%，种子活力高达（96.66±3.06）%；在12 h光照条件下，夜昼变温为5/15℃时种子不萌发，变温为25/35℃时种子萌发率达最大值（66.88±1.48）%；细沙含水量为土壤饱和相对持水量的30%～40%时，种子萌发率最高，为（23.00±1.58）%，土壤含水量太高反而对种子的萌发不利。【结论】茶条木种子对喀斯特地区微生境具有高度的生态适应性，在茶条木人工造林中，采用室内种子的夜昼变温处理，再以幼苗直播方式造林有利于提高萌发率。

Seed germination and ecological adaptability of Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. in Karst region

【Objective】The germination and ecological adaptability of wild Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. seeds in Karst region were studied to provide scientific references for ecological restoration and reconstruction in Karst region. 【Method】Using the method of direct sowing, lab test and field trial, the effects of temperature and soil moisture content on seed germination and seedling sprouting of Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. were observed. 【Result】The Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. seeds had the average size of 12.62 mm×12.23 mm, 100-seed weight of 83.69 g, moisture content of 22.28%, and vitality of（96.66±3.06）%. The results showed that seeds of Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. could not germinate at 5/15℃, but their maximal germination rate（66.88±1.48）% was at 25/35℃ under 12-hour lighting. The peak germination rate （23.00±1.58）% occurred when silver sand moisture content was 30%-40% of saturated soil relative moisture capacity. Too much moisture in soil negatively influenced seed germination. 【Conclusion】Seed germination of Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. presented high ecological adaptability to microhabitat in Karst region. In terms of Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. forest plantation, indoor poikilothermic treatment of seed and seedling direct sowing are beneficial for improving germination rate.