南宁市瓜类作物蓟马种类与发生动态调查

目的]明确南宁市瓜类作物蓟马种类和发生动态,为更有效地进行瓜类蓟马防治提供基础资料.方法]采用5点取样法,于2009～2010年连续两年对南宁市瓜类作物上的蓟马种类、为害程度、主要作物生长期重要蓟马的发生动态进行调查.结果]南宁市瓜类作物上蓟马共14种,分别隶属于锯尾亚目（Terebrantia）蓟马科（Thripidae）（3属13种）和管尾亚目（Tubulifera）管蓟马科（Phlaeothripidae）（1属1种）,其中花蓟马（Frankliniella intonsa Trybom）、棕榈蓟马（Thrips palmi Kamy）和黄胸蓟马（Thrips hawaiiensi Morgan）是瓜类作物上的优势种,花蓟马和黄胸蓟马主要停留在各种作物的花中,偶见在作物的其他部位停留;棕榈蓟马则大部分停留在作物的嫩尖上,少部分停落在叶片充分展开但偏幼嫩的叶上,花上数量稍少.在几种主要瓜类作物中,节瓜和南瓜受害最重,丝瓜受害最轻.建议]苗期及时防治瓜类蓟马,以降低种群数量;加强水肥管理,使作物迅速生长,避过蓟马为害高峰期;拔除病株,减少病毒病传播.

Species and population dynamics investigation on thrips in cucurbits crops in Nanning

Objective]The present experiment was conducted to investigate the species and population dynamics of thrips in cucurbits crops in Nanning for controlling them adequately. Method]The investigation was carried out in 2009- 2010 using five-point sampling method. The species, damaging degree and occurrence dynamics of three thrips population change at the main growth stages were observed in cultured cucurbit crops in Nanning for two consecutive years. Result] The resuhs showed that 14 species were found in eucurbits crops. These thrips belonged to two suborders： Terebrantia（in- eluding 3 genera 13 species） and Tubulifera （including lgenera lspecies）. Among these thrips, Frankliniella intonsa Try- born, Thrips palmi Karny and T. hawaiiensi Morgan were dominant insects in eucurbits crops. F. intonsa and T. hawaffensi lived mainly in flowers, and occasionally in other parts. But T. palmi lived mainly in young shoots, and sometimes in young fully-spread leaves. They were seldom seen in flowers. Among these host plants, Benincasa hispida （Thunb.） Cogn. var. chieh qua How and Cucurbita Maxima Dueh. were damaged heavily, and Luffa aeutangula was damaged slightly. Suggestion ]We should control T. palmi in time and strengthen water and fertilizer management measures. These mea- sures made crops grow rapidly. We should forestall the damage of B. bispida （Thunb.） Cogn. var. ehieh qua How and C. Maxima Duch.caused by thrips to eradicate infected plants and to reduce the spread of virus disease.