不同提取方法对续随子种子中不饱和脂肪酸得率的影响

目的]寻求续随子种子不饱和脂肪酸的最佳提取方法和条件。方法]分别采用挥发油测定法、索氏提取法和超声提取法从续随子种子中提取续随子油,对3种方法的提取效果进行了比较,并对提取产品甲酯化和续随子种子油甲酯化后的脂肪酸产物进行GC-MS分析。结果]3种提取方法中,挥发油测定法的最高产率为0.45%,索氏提取法45.46%,超声提取法47.20%,它们的不饱和脂肪酸的最高含量分别为9.09%、85.28%、85.72%,表明超声提取法的提取效果优于其他2种方法。GC-MS分析表明,续随子种子中含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸类,达到总脂肪酸90%以上,具有较好的开发前景。结论]超声提取法是最佳的提取方法,正交试验表明其最佳条件为:提取次数3次,料液比1∶10,提取时间为20 min。

Effects of Different Extraction Methods on Yield of Unsaturated Fatty Acids from Euphorbia lathyris L. Seeds

Objective] The purpose was to seek for optimum extraction methods and condition for extracting the unsaturated fatty acids from the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris L.Method] The E.lathyris soil was extracted from the seed of E.lathyris by distillation method,Soxhlet extraction and supersonic extraction,resp.and the extracting effects of 3 kinds of extraction methods were compared.GC-MS analysis was made on the extracted product methyl esterification and the fatty acid product after methyl esterification of E.lathyris seed oil.Results] Among 3 kinds of extraction methods,the yield of E.lathyris seed oil extracted by distillation,Soxhlet extraction and supersonic extraction was 0.45%,45.46% and 47.20%,resp.,with their contents of unsaturated fatty acid of 9.09%,85.28% and 85.72%,resp.,showing that extracting effect of supersonic extraction method was better than that other 2 extracting method.GC-MS analysis indicated that the seed of E.lathyris was rich of unsaturated fatty acids which reached over 90%,so it had better development foreground.Conclusion] Supersonic extraction was the best extracting methods.Orthogonal test showed that its optimum extracting condition was: extracting times of 3,the ratio of the seed to solvent of 1∶10 and extracting time of 20 min.