夏玉米子粒含水率和子粒灌浆的粒位差异及其关系研究

以不同自然脱水类型玉米品种为材料,分析其花后不同部位子粒含水率变化、粒重、体积、灌浆动态以及灌浆参数,明确子粒含水率变化与灌浆动态的关系。结果表明,灌浆后期两个时间节点子粒含水率差异较大,先玉335较蠡玉16子粒含水率分别低4.27和5.49个百分点。子粒含水率、体积和粒重均存在粒位效应,两个玉米品种子粒含水率均表现为下部子粒中部子粒上部子粒,子粒体积和粒重粒位效应表现为下部子粒中部子粒上部子粒。灌浆速率粒位效应存在基因型差异,蠡玉16表现为中部子粒下部子粒上部子粒,先玉335表现为下部子粒中部子粒上部子粒。灌浆启动势均表现为上部子粒下部和中部子粒,活跃灌浆期粒位差异较大,且品种间粒位效应趋势相反,先玉335活跃灌浆期上部子粒略大于下部子粒,蠡玉16下部子粒活跃灌浆期长于中部和上部子粒。灌浆峰值出现时间不同,两个品种最大灌浆速率出现时间相差4.77 d。

Grain Position Effect of Maize Grain Moisture Content and Grain Filling and Their Relationship

Different types of natural dehydration maize cultivars as the materials, to analysis the grain moisture content, dehydration rate, grain weight, volume, grouting and filling parameters dynamic of different parts of the grain after flowering. The results showed that there were quite different grain moisture content of late filling two key time nodes for two varieties. The grain moisture content Xianyu335 than the Liyu 16 respectively 4.27 and 5.49 per- centage points lower at two time points, and there were obvious grain position effect, which grain moisture rate the performance of two varieties: basal grain> middle grain> upper portion of grain. The grain position effect of grain size and grain weight was basal grain> middle grain> upper portion of grain, basal and middle grain of the 100 seeds grain volume. There were genotype different of grain position effect for grain filling rate, Liyu 16 showed the middle grain> basal grain> upper part grain, while Xianyu335 showed the basal grain> middle grain> upper portion grain. Start filling the potential showed upper grain is greater than basal and middle grain, active grain filling period are quite different grain position, and instead kernel position effects trend among cultivars. Which performed that Xianyu335 active grain filling was slightly larger than the basal portion of the upper part grain, while the basal part of Liyu 16 active grain filling period longer than the middle and upper grain. filling peak at different time, they showed the same trend among grain position, the maximum filling rate among varieties occurrence time difference 4.77 d.