| 拷贝数变异及其在家禽育种中的最新研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 金四华,杨磊,何婷婷,范心凤,蔺和太,刘平,耿照玉. 拷贝数变异及其在家禽育种中的最新研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2018, 0(5) |
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| 作者姓名： | 金四华 杨磊 何婷婷 范心凤 蔺和太 刘平 耿照玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽农业大学动物科技学院;青阳县平云牧业开发有限公司 |
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| 摘 要： | 拷贝数变异(CNVs)是指与参考基因组相比,长度在50 bp到几个Mb的DNA片段的插入、缺失或重复等。CNVs作为一种重要的基因组结构变异,具有分布广泛、突变率高、可遗传和高度异质性等特点,其广泛存在于哺乳类和禽类基因组中,是引起畜禽表型多样性、疾病抗性及遗传进化的重要因素。家禽不仅是一种重要的农业经济动物,而且是分子遗传学研究的理想模式生物。本文对CNVs研究历程及其检测方法进行综述,对家禽表型的影响及其存在的问题进行重点分析,并对其在家禽抗病育种中的应用进行展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 拷贝数变异 遗传标记 经济性状 分子育种 家禽 |
Recent Advances in Copy Number Variations in Poultry Breeding |
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| Affiliation: | ,College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University,Qingyang Pingyun Animal Husbandry Development, Co.Ltd |
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| Abstract: | Copy number variations(CNVs) refer to insertions, deletions, or duplications of DNA fragments ranging in length from 50 bp to several megabases(Mb) in comparison with reference genome. CNVs are very important and widespread structure variations which are characterized by wide distribution, high mutation rate, heritability, and heterogeneity. CNVs are widely found in mammals and poultry, which are driving forces for phenotypic diversity, disease resistance, and genetic evolution in livestock and poultry. Poultry is not only an important farm animals, but also an ideal model animal in molecular genetics. In this paper, the history and detecting methods of CNVs are reviewed. In addition, effects of CNVs on phenotypic traits in poultry, the existing problems and applications of CNVs in poultry disease-resistance breeding are deeply analyzed and prospected. |
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| Keywords: | Copy number variations Genetic markers Economic trait Molecular breeding Poultry |
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