甘蓝黑腐病和枯萎病兼抗材料的鉴定筛选

采用喷雾法与浸根法,分别对99份国内外甘蓝种质资源(83份自交系、16份杂交种)进行黑腐病与枯萎病苗期人工接种抗性鉴定。共筛选出26份抗黑腐病的材料,其中2份表现高抗,即99-192和20-2-5(病情指数10);同时还筛选获得引162、奥奇娜、96-100-919等54份高抗枯萎病的材料(病情指数10)。其中,秋德、99-192、HB34、JS119、ZL66为高抗或抗黑腐病兼高抗枯萎病的材料,且JS119和ZL66为早熟、圆球类型材料。进一步对抗性材料的地理来源及主要农艺性状进行分析,发现83份自交系材料中高抗枯萎病的材料多来自日、韩等国家,且多为早熟、圆球类型;而高抗黑腐病材料多为晚熟、扁球类型,早熟类型中对黑腐病有较强抗性的材料较少。分别对不同抗性材料配制的16份杂交种进行遗传分析,结果表明甘蓝黑腐病、枯萎病的抗性分别符合隐性和显性遗传。

Identification and Screening of Cabbage Accessions with Resistance both to Black Rot and Fusarium Wilt

By spraying and root-dipping methods，this study carried out identification of resistance to black rot and Fusarium wilt on 99 cabbage accessions from domestic and overseas，including 83 inbred lines and 16 hybrid combinations．In total，26 accessions showed resistance to black rot，of which‘99-192’and‘20-2-5’with high resistance（DI ＜ 10）；54 accessions with high resistance to Fusarium wilt，including‘ Yin162’，‘Aoqina’and‘96-100-919’（DI ＜ 10）．Among them，5 accessions with high resistance or resistance to black rot+high resistance to Fusarium wilt．They were‘Qiude’，‘99-192’，‘HB34’，‘JS119’and‘ZL66’.‘JS119’and‘ZL66’were of early-maturity and round ball type．This study also conducted further analysis on the geographical origin and major agronomic traits of these resistant materials．The results showed that accessions highly resistant to Fusarium wilt out of 83 inbred lines were mostly originated from Japan and Korea and of earlymaturity and round ball type．While，accessions highly resistant to black rot were mostly of late maturity and spheroidicity．Among early maturing material，there were few accessions with stronger resistance to black rot．Genetic analysis on 16 hybrid combinations made up by different resistance showed that black rot and Fusarium wilt resistance was accorded with recessive and dominant inheritance，respectively．