温度对稻螟赤眼蜂在米蛾卵上的生长发育和寄生潜能的影响

【目的】本研究旨在明确不同温度下稻螟赤眼蜂在米蛾卵上的生长发育状况及寄生潜能。【方法】分别在15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、33℃下,编制了吉林稻螟赤眼蜂在米蛾卵上的生命表,根据不同温度下稻螟赤眼蜂的发育历期、发育速率计算世代发育起点温度、世代有效积温,并采用线性回归模型对发育速率进行拟合。【结果】稻螟赤眼蜂平均单雌寄生米蛾卵数随着温度的升高呈现先升高后降低的趋势,30℃时最高,达29.75粒,除与25℃下无显著差异外,均显著高于其他温度;雌蜂平均寿命随温度升高而下降,15℃时寿命显著长于其他温度,当温度高于30℃时,其寿命均短于0.82d;25℃时,稻螟赤眼蜂羽化率最高,达98.14%;15℃时,羽化率最低,只有67.96%。稻螟赤眼蜂的发育速率与温度呈显著线性关系,其发育起点温度为11.49℃,世代有效积温为131.39℃·d。【结论】利用米蛾卵繁殖稻螟赤眼蜂时,温度对其有显著影响,综合生命表参数、单雌寄生米蛾卵数、雌蜂寿命、羽化率等指标,提高利用米蛾卵工厂化繁殖稻螟赤眼蜂的最佳温度为25℃~30℃。

Effect of Temperature on Development and Parasitizing Capacity of Trichogramma japonicum Reared on the Eggs of Rice Moth (Corcyra cephalonica)

【Objective】The research aims to reveal the effects of gradient constant temperature on development and parasiting ability of Trichogramma japonicum reared on the eggs of rice moth(Corcyra cephalonica) .【Methods】The life table of the experimental population of T. japonicum from Jilin Province at five different temperatures (15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ and 33℃) was constructed. The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulative temperature for whole generation were calculated based on the developmental duration and rate. Then, the linear regression model was applied to simulate the growth rate. 【Results】With increasing temperature, the number of host eggs parasitized per females rose first and then fell. The largest number was 29.75 at 30℃, and there was no significant difference between 25℃ and 30℃. However, it was obviously higher than that of the other three temperatures. The females exhibited a significant decrease in longevity as the temperature increased. The maximum survival time of females was at 15℃, longer than other temperatures. When the temperature was over 30℃, the females survived for only 0.82 days. The highest emergence rate, came at 25℃, was 98.14%, while the lowest emergence rate was 67.96%. The developmental rate was remarkably linear correlative with temperature. The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulative temperature of whole generation were 11.49℃ and 131.39℃ per day, respectively. 【Conclusion】The temperature was the most important factor for the population growth of T. japonicum. It was concluded that the best suitable temperature for industrialized reproduction ranged from 25℃ to 30℃.