马铃薯种薯芽条生育规律的研究

种薯萌发的芽条数不随萌芽时间的延长而增多,但在高温(22～28℃)下萌芽和种薯尚未完全通过休眠时催芽,会使萌芽数显著减少。品种、光照、温度、萌芽时间、赤霉素浸种等因素条件的不同,对芽条伸长速率和芽生长锥分化程度和速率有显著影响、而对芽条节间数、生根节数、顶芽萌发数的影响不明显。芽条根原基只有在黑暗潮湿的条件下才能仲长,以芽条基部1～3节的根系发生最早、最多、早长。芽生长锥分化程度与芽条其它各器官的发育程度呈显著正相关,它是衡量芽条发育水平的最具代表指标。

THE INVESTIGATION TO THE PATTERNS OF SPROUT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN SEED POTATOES

The number of sprouts on seed tubers does not increase with prolonging sprout time,but it can be significantly decreased when the seed tuber is germinated at high temperature(25～ 28℃)and is not completely through dormancy.The cultivar,light,temperature,germination time and GA_3 seed soaking can significantly influence the rate of sprout elongation and the degree and rate of bud vegetative cone differentiation,but they have little effects on the internode number of sprout,the node number with roots and the number of sprouting top-bud.Root primordium can elongate only in dark and moist conditions.The roots at 1～ 3 nodes of the sprout base start earliest and grow most and longest.The differentiation degree of the vegetative cone of the bud is significantly correlated to the developmental level of other organs of the sprout.Therefore,the differentiation degree of the vegetative cone is the most represntative target to weigh the developmental level of sprouts.