水陆稻品种旱育秧苗生长和抗旱生理的研究

用4种水分处理,对盆栽8个水陆稻品种旱育秧苗期生长和抗旱生理生化变化进行了研究。结果表明:各参试品种在土壤持水量90％～100％的条件下,比淹水处理的秧苗根系生长好,植株健壮,分蘖多,光合强度、可溶性糖、干物质积累和叶绿素含量均有所提高,株高有所下降;在土壤持水量75％～85％的条件下,抗旱性强的品种能保持较好的生长势,但抗旱性弱的品种生长则明显减弱;在土壤持水量60％～70％的条件下,各品种秧苗植株生长矮小,根系生长受阻,叶色黄绿。这些变化的生理原因主要是植株含水量降低,细胞膜透性增大。

Studies on the Physiology of Drought Resistance and Growth of Paddy and Upland Rice(Oryza Sative L.) in Dry Nursery

Seeding growth, physiological and biochemical changes in drought resistance of eight paddy and upland rice varieties were studied by pot cultulture with four water treatments. The results showed: under the condition of 90%-100% of soil moisture holding capacity, the root systems of tested seedlings developed much better with sturdier plants, more tillers, higher photosynthesis, more soluble sugar, more accumulated dry matters and higher chlorophyll contents than those of the seedlings treated with water immersion, but the plant height of tested seedlings had some decreases. In the case of 75%-85% of soil moisture holding capacity, the varieties having stronger drought resistance kept in vigorous growth, but those having weak drought resistance grew poorly. With 60%-70% of soil moisture holding capacity, the seedlings of various varieties grew shorter; the root development was blocked with leaves turning into yellow and green. The main physiological causes for these variations are due to the decrease in plant water content and an increase in the permeability of cell membrane.