不同月龄荷斯坦奶公犊肉品质的比较研究

[目的]对不同月龄的荷斯坦奶公犊肉品质进行比较研究,探索奶公犊牛肉内在品质,为解决肉牛源不足加快奶牛肉用化提供参考依据.[方法]在相同的营养模式下随机选取荷斯坦奶公犊12、15、18月龄及淘汰荷斯坦牛各3头进行屠宰,取右半边胴体的背最长肌作为肉品质试验样品,分别对肉品质的感官、理化及加工指标进行分析.[结果]干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、失水率、系水力、熟肉率12月龄荷斯坦奶公犊分别为23.12;、18.75;、4.28;、21.05;、72.62;、64.48;；15月龄的分别为23.94;、19.22;、8.11;、20.96;、72.44;、62.21;；18月龄的分别为26.30;、20.14;、10.04;、22.34;、69.69;、61.52;；淘汰荷斯坦牛分别为25.07;、19.31;、11.54;、25.03;、67.03;、59.50;.18月龄荷斯坦奶公犊肉色、大理石纹、嫩度等指标好于其他三个时期,氨基酸含量及组成结构处于比较理想的状态,但各月龄阶段18种游氨基酸处于动态变化过程.[结论]随着月龄的增长,各阶段肉品质指标除灰分、pH以外存在显著性差异,综合各项指标18月龄荷斯坦奶公犊肉品质最佳.

Comparative Study on Beef Quality of Holstein Dairy Bull Calf of Different Month Ages

[Objective]The purpose of this project was to explore the internal quality of the Holstein dairy bull and provide reference for solving the shortage of beef sources and accelerate Meat - Type of cow by conducting comparative study on the beef quality of Holstein dairy bull of different month old.[Method]Holstein dairy bull calves of 10,12,18 month age and culling cows were slaughtered in the same nutrition model.The right side muscle of the Carcass was taken back as meat sample.Sense organ,physiochemical and machining indexes of the beef quality were detected.[Result]The dry material,crude protein,crude fat, water losing rate,water retention capacity,cooking percentage of 12 month age Holstein dairy bull were 23.12%,18.75%,4.28%,21.05%,72.62%,64.48%;15 month age were 23.94%,19.22%,8.11%, 20.96%,72.44%,62.21%;18 month age were 26.30%,20.14%,10.04%,22.34%,69.69%,61.52%; and the culling were 25.07%,19.31%,11.54%,25.03%,67.03%,59.50%.The beef color,marbling, tenderness of 18 month age Holstein dairy bull calves were better than those of the other three periods,the content and composition of amino acid were in an ideal situation,however,the contents of 18 free amino acids displayed the dynamic changes in each period.[Conclusion]Significant changes appeared in the various indexes of every period with the increasing month age except the ash and pH value.Given all the indexes,the beef quality of Holstein dairy bull calves of 18 month age is the best.