长期采用不同栽培方式和栽培制度对土壤环境的影响

以种植30a的土壤为研究对象,栽培方式包括加温温室、塑料大棚、露地,种植制度包括连作、填闲、轮作,比较不同设施和栽培制度对土壤养分、土壤酶和土壤微生物等的影响。结果表明:温室连作(CK)土壤的EC值,全氮、有机质、速效氮、速效钾、硝态氮含量及蔗糖酶、中性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性均显著高于温室填闲种植(S1)、大棚连作(S2)、大棚轮作(S3)和露地(S4),pH值则显著低于其他处理;S4处理的速效养分、铵态氮含量及过氧化氢酶活性均明显低于其他处理;S3相对于S2显著降低速效养分、铵态氮、硝态氯的积累,且显著增加细菌、真菌、放线菌数量。相关分析表明:除速效磷含量外,土壤养分含量与土壤EC值呈极显著正相关,与pH值呈显著或极显著负相关;土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、中性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性与土壤养分含量存在相关性;细菌数量与速效磷含量呈极显著负相关,且细菌、放线菌数量与铵态氮含量呈显著或极显著负相关。总之,露地种植是维持土壤质量最有效的种植方式,大棚种植的土壤质量介于露地与温室种植土壤质量之间,温室填闲、大棚轮作均能不同程度地改善温室、大棚连作土壤的质量。

Effects of Different Cultivation Mode and Cultivation Systems on Soil Environment

Taking soil being planted over 30 years as material,we compared different facilities including greenhouse,big-arch shelter,open field,and different cultivation systems including continuous cropping,catching cropping and rotation cropping on soil nutrition,soil enzyme and soil microbe.The result indicated that that the soil EC value,total nitrogen,organic matter,available nitrogen,available potassium,nitrate nitrogen content,sucrase,neutral phosphatase,catalase in continuous cropping were significantly highe...