日光温室主动蓄放热系统应用效果研究

针对日光温室冬季夜晚温度低、作物易发生冷害等问题,设计了以水为蓄热介质的主动蓄放热系统.系统由集/放热装置、储热装置和控制装置等组成.白天进行太阳辐射热的吸收与储存,夜晚释放热量用于温室增温.试验结果表明,晴天条件下,主动蓄放热系统的集热功率为0.3kW/m2,蓄热量为6.9MJ/m2；夜间放热功率为0.2kW/m2,放热量为5.7MJ/m2,热利用效率为0.83,试验温室与对照温室的平均气温相差6.3℃；阴天及多云天气条件下,试验温室与对照温室的夜间平均气温相差4.6℃,表明主动蓄放热系统能有效改善日光温室夜间低温状况,进而保障蔬菜安全越冬生产.

Application Effects of Active Heat Storage and Release System in a Chinese Solar Greenhouse

To avoid chilling injury on plants caused by low air temperature in Chinese solar greenhouses during winter night,an active heat storage and release system by using water as a medium was designed in this experiment.This system includes a heat-energy collecting/release device,heat storage device and control device.During the day time,this system was used to absorb and store solar heat energy.During the nighttime,this system was used to release the heat energy into the greenhouse for increasing the air temperature.Results showed that solar heat energy collected rate of the system was 0.3kW/m2 and the heat energy storage was 6.9MJ/m2 on a sunny daytime,during the nighttime,the heat energy release rate was 0.2kW/m2,the heat energy released was 5.7MJ/m2 and the heat energy use efficiency was 0.83.The average air temperatures were 6.3℃ on a sunny day and 4.6℃ on a cloudy day higher in the experiment greenhouse than those in control greenhouse.The above results indicate that the active heat storage and release system can effectively improve air temperature for safe plant production in Chinese solar greenhouse during winter night.