Thermal inactivation of Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron. and its attempted control by solarization in the Salinas Valley of California |
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Authors: | Donald F Myers Robert N Campell Arthur S Greathead |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;2. University of California, Cooperative Extension Service, Salinas, CA 93901, USA |
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Abstract: | Thermal inactivation of resting spores of P. brassicae Woron. in glasshouse soil depended on temperature, duration of treatment, inoculum concentration, and soil moisture. At 42, 44 and 50°C, the relationship between temperature and the time for thermal inactivation plotted on a semi-log scale was linear. Treatment times up to 45 days at 30°C and 37°C did not reduce infectivity. The detection threshold in the system was 100·5 spores/g of soil. At all temperatures tested, inactivation was achieved more rapidly in soil infested with 102 spores/g than with 106 spores/g. Heat treatment was more effective in saturated soil than in half-saturated soil. Soil temperatures in the field in the northern Salinas Valley were increased 11–14°C by tarping with clear, polyethylene plastic. The average weekly maximum temperature and minimum temperature at a 10 cm depth under tarps were 38°C and 29°C respectively. Solarization reduced disease development after a 10-week treatment but not after a 5-week treatment. |
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