花生基因型耐铝性生物学标定

根据植物耐铝性与其遗传的关系，在花生生态分类学四大类型中，选取40个不同基因型花生，通过组合式溶液培养试验、上培试验和田间试验，结果表明：（1）不同耐铝性花生品种具有不同的生物学特征，在根色、根形、根长、根系体积、植株生长量、叶色、叶形和荚果等具有明显差异；在植物细胞排列、细胞壁厚度、细胞形状以及细胞内的变化等也具有明显差异。（2）通过生物学标定，选择6个典型花生品种划分为高耐、中耐和敏感型三种耐铝基因型。（3）三种耐铝基因型在铅胁迫下，其浓度与花生主根长度、主根生长速率、根系体积、植株生长量和荚果发育量呈极显著负相关，其相关绝对值是敏感型＞中耐型＞高耐型。（4）三种耐铝基因型在溶液培养条件下，铝胁迫临介值分别为5．9、2．9和1．1mg／L，而在土培条件下，铝胁迫临界值（交换性铝饱和度）分别为12％、6％和1％左右。

Identification of tolerance to Al in peanut genotype

The tolerance to Al of 40 peanut genotypes was studied in a nutrient solution culture,soil block culture and a field experiment. The results as follow: 1) The biological characteristics of peanut genotypes with different tolerance to Al were significant different, such as in root colour, root length and volume, growth amount of plant, leaf colour and shape and pod growth. In addition to the different cell array, thickness of cell wall, cell shape and inclusion were observed. 2) 6 typical peanut varieties were identified as high, mediate tolerance and low (sensitive) tolerance to Al. 3) Al content in substrate was significant negative correlated with axial root length and growth coffient, root system volume and pod growth and developement in the three tolerance types of peanut, with the sequence of correlation coefficient was sensitive type > mediate > high tolerance type. 4) The critical Al content of the three types (high, mediate and sensitive) were 5. 9, 2. 9 and 1. 1mg/L in solution culture.while the saturation degree of exchangeable Al in soil block culture of the three trpes were 12%, 6%and 1 % respectively.