大豆叶形垂直分布类型在产量改良中的应用

对油８９３０６组合分离世代的研究表明，该组合存在３种叶形垂直分布类型，即下阔叶—上阔叶、下阔叶—上窄叶和下窄叶—上窄叶。以下阔叶—上阔叶和下阔叶—上窄叶类型的百粒重最大，且两类型间无明显差异，但显著高于下窄叶—上窄叶类型的百粒重；以下窄叶—上窄叶类型的每荚粒数最多，下阔叶—上阔叶类型的每荚粒数最少。在本研究所处旱涝频繁的黄淮南部地区，以下阔叶—上窄叶类型的育种效果最好，并从本类型的研究材料中成功地选育出高产夏大豆新品种中豆２６。与下阔叶—上阔叶类型的中豆１９（８９３０６组合的母本）相比，下阔叶—上窄叶的材料中豆２６和中豆２０实现了在保持其它产量因素变化很小前提下每荚粒数的定向显著提高，因而实现产量的改良。

Application of vertical leaf shape distribution to soybean yield improvement

The investigation of the segregating generation of soybean cross 89306 revealed that three leaf shape distribution types exist, ie. down broadup narrow, down broadup broad and down narrowup narrow. Among these three types, the down broadup broad and down broadup narrow ones have similar but significantly larger seeds than that of down narrowup narrow type. The down narrowup narrow type owned the highest seed number per pod, which is remarkably higher than that of the down broadup broad type but slightly higher than that of the down broadup narrow type. As for seed number per pod, the down broadup narrow type is also evidently higher than that of the down broadup broad type. We concluded that, in Huai and Yellow Rivres region where drought and flood are frequent, the down broadup narrow thype is ,at least one of the best indirect trait for high seed yield breeding purpose. According to this rule and conclusion, we successfully released a new soybean variety Zhongdou No.26, whose pods per plant and 10