基于GIS技术的巴中市农业气象干旱灾害风险区划

为了提升干旱气象灾害风险管理和决策水平,减轻灾害造成的损失,笔者利用巴中市及其周边市、县1981—2015年的气象观测资料和历史干旱灾害资料,根据干旱发生的时段分为春旱、夏旱、伏旱、秋干、冬干,综合巴中各县区的气象、社会、自然、灾害防御及地理信息数据(1:5万)基于GIS平台,应用灾害风险评价的理论和技术,结合风险指数、自然断点和加权综合评价的方法,绘制出巴中市干旱灾害风险区划图。结果表明,巴中市农业气象干旱的风险呈现北高南低的趋势,北部高风险区较南部低风险区海拔高、河网密度小、经济水平低是其风险较高的主要原因。

Agro-meteorological Drought Disaster: Risk Zoning in Bazhong Based on GIS

The paper aims to improve risk management and decision- making level of arid meteorological disaster, and reduce the loss caused by disasters. Based on the meteorological observation data and historical drought disaster data of Bazhong and its surrounding cities and counties during l981-20l5, and according to drought period, the drought disasters were divided into spring drought, summer drought, midsummer drought, autumn and winter drought. Based on GIS, the authors utilized the meteorological, social and natural data, disaster prevention and mitigation data, as well as 1:50000 geographic information data, to map the drought disaster risk zoning map in Bazhong by using the natural disaster risk assessment, risk index method, GIS natural breakpoint method, and weighted comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that: the risk of agro- meteorological drought in Bazhong had a decreasing trend from the north to the south, and high altitude, small density of river network and low economic development level were the main reasons of higher risk.