林区不同土地利用模式对土壤理化性质与酶学特性的影响

土壤在调节地球气候和物质循环方面起着重要作用,但是由于人为因素的影响,不当的土地经营模式（如居民用地、农业耕地、毁林开荒）对土壤质量产生了深刻影响,使土壤质量发生变化。本研究对黑龙江省尚志市帽儿山林场的4种不同的土地利用与经营模式（森林土壤、农田土壤、场部用地和森林迹地）下的土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性进行测定与分析,探讨不同土地利用模式对其土壤理化与土壤酶学特性的影响。研究发现4种土壤类型的10个采样点的10个土壤理化指标和5个土壤酶活性指标间存在显著差异,土壤质量从高到低依次为：森林土壤,森林迹地,林场场部用地,农田用地。相关分析表明土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶与土壤含水量、土壤全氮、土壤全碳、土壤有机碳、可溶性全碳和可溶性有机碳含量之间成显著正相关;多酚氧化酶与土壤pH成显著正相关。因此,不同土地利用方式对土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性产生显著影响。

Effects on Physicochemical Properties and Enzymatic Activities of Soil by Different Land Utilization Patterns in Forest Region

Soil plays a key role in moderating climate and material cycle. However, as a result of human influences such as housing land, cultivation, and deforestation, the quality of soil has endured tremendous changes. This study intends to analyze phys- icochemieal properties of soil from ten separate sites in Maoer Mt. Forest farm in Shangzhi city of Heilongjiang Province by four kinds of land utilization patterns （ type 1 ： forest land; type 2 ： agricultural land ; type 3 ： land for the use of forest farm ; type 4 ： deforest- ation land）. The activities of soil＇s enzymes in the above four soil types were also analyzed. The results showed that there were signifi- cant variations in ten soil properties and five activities of soil＇s enzymes among different sample sites of four soil types. The quality of soil from high to low in turn is forest land, slashes, land for the use of forest farm, and agricultural land. The analysis indicated that the activity of soil urease and catalase are positively correlated with soil＇s water content, TN, TC, TOC, DTC, and DOC, and the activity of polyphenol oxidase has a significant positive correlation with the pH of soil. Therefore, different land utilization patterns in forest region have significant effects on the physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities of soil.