华北大黑鳃金龟成虫周年发生动态及影响因素分析

华北大黑鳃金龟Holotrichia oblita(Faldermann)]是一种为害多种作物的重要地下害虫,为了解其近年的发生动态以便针对性防治,于2010-2013年对其成虫出土规律进行了周年系统研究,并对其发生期和发生量影响因素进行了初步分析。结果表明,2010-2013年华北大黑鳃金龟的出土盛期仍在5月份,与文献相比总体一致,但出土期略滞后并且时间有所延长;而2013年始发期明显晚于其他年份,对其气象因素分析发现,2013年春季干旱,首次降雨在5月26日,明显晚于其他年份,其始发期也较其他年份偏晚,说明土壤湿度可能影响成虫出土始期。出土盛期成虫出土量与气象因素的灰色关联度分析表明,成虫日出土量与平均相对湿度关联最密切,其次是日均温和降雨量。研究结果为华北大黑鳃金龟的预测预报以及针对性防治提供了基础。

The annual occurrence dynamics and its influencing factors of Holotrichia oblita (Faldermann) adults

The annual seasonal fluctuation of spider species abundance and dominance in paddy field and adjacent habitat was investigated with the suction sampler. Throughout the year, there were 4 dominant spider species in weed habitat, such as Hylyphantes graminicola, Argiope bruennichi, Misumenops tricuspidatus and Neoscona doenitzi, while there were 3 dominant spider species in paddy field, such as H. graminicola, A. bruennichi and Clubiona japonicola. The seasonal fluctuation pattern of dominant spiders and density in these two habitats were similar, with the peak value of 139 individual/m2 and 155 individual /m2, respectively. The abundance of spider species in weed habitat was more than that in the paddy field, and the peak abundance of spider species pre-and post-planting of rice was 23 species/10 m2 and 34 species/10 m2, but 23 species/10 m2 in paddy field in rice growing season. The similarity coefficient of spider populations is 0.666 7 on these two habitats.