袁庄麦田秸秆覆盖保墒措施的研究

利用秸秆覆盖麦田,是减少棵间无效蒸发量,提高水资源利用率的有效措施。袁庄试验三年表明,冬前麦田覆盖麦秸或玉米秸3.75～4.5t/ha,可收到良好的覆盖节水、增产效果;且越是干旱,覆盖增产效果越显著;同等产量水平,覆盖后减少棵间蒸发量34.5～37.9％,相当于少灌一水,节约灌溉水量750m~3/ha。本文分析了试验成果,研究探讨了小麦覆盖保墒耗水增产机理,计算了试区麦田覆盖提高用水程度,扼要介绍了覆盖技术要点,在干旱缺水小麦种植区,该项节水新技术有一定推广价值。

The Study of Soil Moisture Preservation by Straw Coverage of Yuan Zhuang Wheat Paddock

Using straw to cover wheat paddock is an effective measure to reduce uneffective evspcration from interplant, raise utiliaation ratio of water resources. The experiment result in Yuanzhang for successive 3 years shows that wheat paddock covered by 3.75~4.5t/ha of wheat-straw cr corn-stalk in prewintercan result in ideal effect of water saving and yield increasejin addition, the mere drought the weather cr the drier the soil is, the mere remarkable the yield increase will be. If the yield is the same, when covered the paddock can reduce 34.5-37.9% cf interplant evaporation, that is equal to one time watering, the irrigation water saving will be 750 m3/ha. In this article, the research achievement of experiment result has been analysed, the yield increase mechanism from soil moisture preservation and water consumption reducing by paddock covered studied, the raising of water utilization coefficient coming from wheat paddock covered in ihe experiment district calculated,, and the mainpoints of coverage technique introduced briefly. In neral, ihe new water-saving technique is valuable for popularizing in wheat planting area of arid region during dry season.