4SY-1.8改进型油菜割晒机主要装置设计与试验

针对油菜成熟度不一致而导致联合收获损失率大、收获期短的问题,对适合油菜分段收获的4SY-1.8型油菜割晒机进行了改进,提出了一种集成横向和纵向输送的组合式茎秆输送装置,分析确定了拨禾轮、切割装置、组合输送装置等关键部件的结构参数及运行参数。田间试验表明:油菜割晒机能实现有序中间条铺,收割机械直播油菜时,茎秆上层铺放角23.6°,下层铺放角17.1°,铺放角度差小于10°,根差小于0.12 m;收割人工直播油菜时,茎秆上层铺放角小于5°,下层铺放角小于2°,角度差小于5°,根差小于0.1 m。作业质量满足行业标准要求。

Design and Experiment of the Main Device of 4SY-1.8 Modified Rape Windrower

For the problem of the high lose rate of rapeseed with different mature degree by the combine harvester and its short period of harvest, 4SY-1.8 rape windrower was designed ,and a new kind of combined stem conveyer, which integrates the stem convey both in longitudinal and transversal directions, was presented.The overall structure and the working principle of the main parts of a rape windrower were analyzed and the parameters of key components were confirmed such as the reel, the cutting device, the conveyer and vertical roller etc. The field test indicated that rape windrower could harvest mechanical direct-seeding rape and manual direct-seeding rape. When the windrower harvests mechanical direct-seeding rape, the upper windrowing angle and the lower angle of rape stalks are 23.6° and 17.1° respectively, and the difference between both angles is less than 10°, at the same time, the root difference is less than 0.12m. When the windrower harvests manual direct-seeding rape, the upper windrowing angle of rape stalk was is less than 5°while the lower was is less than 2°, and the difference between both angles is less than 5°, furthermore, difference between the rape root is less than 0.1m. This study indicates that swath quality could meet the requirements of the harvesting quality standards and the agronomic requirement.