马铃薯实生种子萌芽特性的研究

马铃薯实生种子小,能量低,发芽期间能量转化慢;种子需经8～12小时达吸胀饱和,其饱和吸水量占绝对干物重的86％～105％;种子发芽在13～17℃变温和25℃恒温发芽最好,对光暗反应不敏感;贮藏2～3年的种子发芽力最高,室温下贮藏7年丧失种用价值;种子经卅烷醇浸种(50ppm浸4小时)、CO_2激光辐射10秒钟、50～60℃温汤浸种均能显著提高发芽力。α-萘乙酸浸种(10ppm15分钟)对发芽没有显著影响,但可促进幼苗根系发育。

THE INVESTIGATION OF GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUE POTATO SEEDS

The true potato seeds are small in size, low in energy stored and slow in energy transformation during germination. The seeds need 8～12h to arrive at the saturation of water absorpution and the saturated absorbing water quantity accounts for 86％～105％ of the absolute dry matter weight. The germination of the seeds is best at an alternating temperatures of 13～17℃ or at a constant temperature of 25℃, and it is not sensitive to light and dark. The germinating ability is best for the seeds stored up to 2～3 years and the seeds stored at the room temperature up to 7 years lose their value as seed. The germinating ability of seeds can be enhanced remarkably by spaking seeds with triacontanol (50ppm, 4h), CO_2 laser radiation (752mW/cm~2 10sec.) and spaking seeds in hot water (50～60℃, 15min.). The germination is not influenced significantly by spaking seeds with naphthalene acetic acid (10ppm, 15min.), but this treatment can promote the development of root system of seedlings.