豆科、禾本科5种牧草异行混播草地当年建植效果研究

[目的]通过不同混播比例、不同种植方式建植混播草地的研究,探索自然降水在500mm以上的雨养地区,建植优质、高产、稳定与中长利用年限混播人工草地的技术途径.[方法]试验设红三叶(Trifolium pratens)、红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia)与鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)、无芒雀麦(Broumis inermis)、猫尾草(Phlemu pratense)5种牧草混播,混播比例为4∶6、6∶4、5∶5三种处理,各处理又以1∶1行、2∶2行、3∶3行异行种植；在豆科牧草花期与禾本科牧草抽穗期,刈割测定草地群落各种群组分的密度、高度与产草量,对比分析各处理的草地经济性状表现.[结果]在不同种植方式的处理中,1∶1行的异行种植方式,各项经济性状指标均优于其它种植方式；在不同混播比例处理中,以4∶6混播比例的草群产量最高,在1∶1行处理中,平均产干草1209.1g/m2；其它处理也多在800g/m2以上.[结论]试验区草地在建植当年就表现出良好的长势与较高的生产性能,尤其是豆科牧草的产量在草群中大幅度增加,可极大地提升草地的质量.

Study on the Planting Effect of the Mixed Grassland with Five Kinds of Leguminous and Gramineous Forages under the Different Sowing Patterns

【Objective】 The different seeding rates and sowing ways were studied in order to explore the technical way of planting high quality,high yield,stable and long-use life of mixed artificial grassland in the area with rainfall of above 500 mm.【Method】 The mixture patterns consist of five kinds of forage,Onobrychis viciaefolia,Trifolium pratens,Dactylis glomerata,Broumis inermis,Phlemu pratense which were designed at the mixed sowing ratio of 4∶ 6,6∶ 4 and 5∶ 5 of the three kinds of treatment and each treatment with 1∶ 1,2∶ 2 and 3∶ 3 lines of different planting;when flowering and heading,the density,height and forage yield of various group community were studied and the economic characters were contracted.【Results】 The result showed that various economic indexes are better than those of other planting patterns at 1∶ 1 line,and the forage yield of mixed 6∶ 4 was the highest and the average yield was 1 209.1 g/m2,at the same time the forage yield was above 800 g/m2 in other treatment.【Conclusion] So good growth vigor and high performance were showed,especially the increases of legumes yield can greatly enhance the quality of grassland in planting year at the research site.