新疆红枣裂果机理研究进展

目的]为研究新疆红枣裂果机理和有效控制裂果提供理论依据.方法]通过总结国内外相关文献,综述裂果机理的主要研究成果及防治技术.结果]不同果树品种的裂果敏感性是受遗传因素控制,其亲本裂果性状可通过遗传对后代产生影响；果实内部生长应变力和果皮应变力在裂果过程中是相互对立的两个重要因素；果皮的细胞组织结构与厚度影响着果皮的强度,也影响着果实的裂果率；果实内含物质在发育成熟过程中的生理生化变化会诱导果实裂果；裂果发生还与矿质营养平衡有关；降雨量、蒸汽压、温湿度等气象因子也影响裂果的发生.结论]目前国内外对裂果机理研究取得了重要的进展,但是枣裂果机理研究尚未形成体系,需进行深入研究.

Research Progress in Mechanism of Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Fruit Cracking in Xinjiang

【Objective and Method】To provide the theoretical support for the mechanism and efficient control methods of fruit cracking in Xinjiang by reviewing and summarizing the study progress of research achievement.【Result】 Fruit cracking was controlled by genetic factor,which can pass on the hereditary feature of fruit cracking to their descendant.Both the sarcocarp stress and exocarp strain are mutually exclusive at the cracking processes.Pericarp thickness and the structure of tissue cell affect the intensity of cracking.The physiological and biochemical reactions could trigger the cracking in the stage of fruit growth and development.The fruit cracking is possibly related to the balance of mineral element nutrition.The climate factors include rainfall,temperature,humidity and vapor pressure,which impact the occurrence of fruit cracking.【Conclusion】Nationally and internationally,progress has been made in the studies of the fruit cracking mechanism in the past few decades.While the study of the mechanism of jujube cracking has just begun and has not yet formed a specialized system,further research remains to be done.