鸭瘟鸭病毒性肝炎二联弱毒疫苗的研究 Ⅵ.二联疫苗对雏鸭早期最佳免疫途径的研究

本文报道鸭瘟鸭病毒性肝炎二联弱毒疫苗对雏鸭进行早期免疫的试验结果。试验采用不含鸭瘟和鸭病毒性肝炎母源抗体和含不同滴度母源抗体水平的１日龄的四川麻鸭雏鸭，用鸭瘟鸭病毒性肝炎二联弱毒疫苗经皮下注射、饮水、滴鼻和喷雾进行免疫，探索不同免疫途径对鸭瘟和鸭病毒性肝炎的免疫效果及免疫持续期，选出最佳免疫途径。试验结果表明：１．对于没有母源抗体的１日龄雏鸭，用鸭瘟鸭病毒性肝炎二联弱毒疫苗进行免疫的最佳途经是皮下注射和饮水免疫，其中皮下注射效果比饮水稍好：①到３日龄产生对鸭病毒性肝炎部分免疫力，４日龄产生坚强免疫力；②皮下注射到３日龄、饮水免疫到４日龄均产生对鸭瘟的坚强免疫力，保护期持续２个月以上。２．对有母源抗体的雏鸭进行免疫的最佳途经是饮水免疫：①到３４日龄产生对鸭病毒性肝炎部分免疫力，５日龄产生坚强免疫力；②３４日龄产生对鸭瘟部分免疫力，５日龄产生对鸭瘟的坚强免疫力，其免疫持续期２个月以上。

STUDY ON BIVALENT ATTENUATED VACCINES AGAINST DP AND DVH Ⅵ.THE STUDIES ON THE EARLY STAGE IMMUNIZATION OF THE VACCINE

In this paper the studies on the early stage immunization of the bivalent attenuated vaccines against Duck Plague (DP) and Duck Viral Hepatitis (DVH)is reported. Sichuan flaxen ducklings without maternal antibody and with maternal antibody were used in the experiment. The duckings have been immunized by different routes (Subcutaneous,in drinking water,nose dripping and spraying). The results indicated: 1. The best immunization routes on duckings without maternal antibody are subcutaneous and in drinking water (Subcutaneous injection is slightly better than that in drinking water),①all 4-day old immunized duckl- ings immunized by subcutaneous injection and in drinking water could resist the challenge of 10-thousand LD 50 virulent DHV; ②all 4-day old immunized ducklings immunized by subcutaneous injection and in drinking water could resist the challenge of 10-thousand M.L.D. virulent DPV, and 2 months later, the protection rate was 100%. 2.The best immunization routes on duckings with maternal antibody is that in drinking water, ①all 5-day old immunized ducklings immunized by that in drinking water could resist the challenge of 10-thousand LD 50 virulent DHV; ② all 4-day old immunized ducklings immunized by subcutaneous injection and in drinking water could resist the challenge of 10-thousand M.L.D.virulent DPV, the immunity period lasted for at least 2 months.