早熟、耐贮桃新品种‘中油15号’的选育

‘中油桃15号’是中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所选育的耐贮型白肉油桃新品种,母本采用7月中旬成熟的白肉油桃优系‘89-1-28’,父本是早熟白肉油桃品种‘中油桃5号’。该品种果实大,平均单果质量180~200 g,大果质量可超过250 g;果形圆且对称,果顶圆平,果实的缝合线中等深度,梗洼中等宽度,较深;果皮不能被剥离且底色为白色,果面无茸毛并着艳丽的红晕,果肉呈白色,含较多花色苷但近核处花色苷较少;花为蔷薇型,花粉多自花结实;品质上,果肉质地很硬,耐贮性好;果肉纤维很少,风味甜,果实可溶性固形物含量为12.6%;丰产、稳产性好。在河南省郑州地区的果实发育期为85 d左右,6月中旬成熟后,可持续留树采收直到7月初。

'Zhongyou 15', a new early ripening and storable peach cultivar

‘Zhongyou 15’is a newly released early ripening and storable peach(Prunus persica L.)cultivar,which was selected from a across between‘89-1-28’and‘Zhongyou 5’in 1999 at Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute(ZFRI),Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS).A total of 50 seedlings were obtained and planted in the peach breeding nursery of ZFRI(Guancheng district,Zhengzhou city,Henan province,China).Among them,a line,‘99-37-46’,was first selected in 2006 for its good eating quality,attractive uniform fruit sharp,lighten-red skin color and storable characteristic.After regional adaptability tests at three site(Xinxiang city,Yongcheng city,Zhongmou county)for 4 years from 2009 to 2012,it was selected and named as‘Zhongyou 15’in 2013 and licensed in 2018.The trees of‘Zhongyou 15’are moderately vigorous and semi-spreading,with highly germinating and branch development capability.The flowers of‘Zhongyou 15’are rose shaped with 5 petals.The stamens of‘Zhongyou 15’are highly congruent,and pistil was slightly higher than stamens.The color of‘Zhongyou 15’is green.The fruit of‘Zhongyou 15’is round and uniform,the ground of the fruit is white with the surface covered in bright red when matured.It’s large with average fruit weight 201 g and up to 250 g for the big ones.The fruit flesh of‘Zhongyou 15’is white with some anthocyanin,fruit texture is crisp.The fruit quality of‘Zhongyou 15’is excellent,with an average soluble solid content of 12.1%.The full bloom date of‘Zhongyou 15’was March 19th,which was very similar to that of‘Zhongyou 13’.In Zhengzhou,the fruits of‘Zhongyou 15’can be harvested from middle of June to begin of July,with a fruit development period about 85 days.For cultivation techniques,summer and winter pruning should be used to balance the stronger tree vigor,and heavy thinning flowers and young fruits are must be done to improve fruit size and quality.‘Zhongyou 15’was certified(Yu-S-SV-AP-019-2018)by the evaluation committees of Henan province in 2018.