贵州3个斑鳜野生种群形态学差异

为探究贵州境内沅江、柳江和乌江水系野生斑鳜外形差异,基于形态学和框架结构测量数据,运用多元分析法比较3条水系斑鳜种群的形态特征,经数据标准化和参数选择后12项比例性状和12项可数性状进行统计分析。研究结果显示,单因素分析中9项可数性状之间差异显著(P<0.05);主成分中提取了前6个主成分,其累计贡献率为72.668%,前3项主成分对种群间外形差异贡献较大,主要受其尾柄长、眼间距和体宽等性状影响。应用逐步判别方法建立了这3个种群的特征判别函数,其交互验证判别准确率为81.5%。形态学聚类图结果显示,沅江和柳江种群形态关系较近先聚为一支,之后再与乌江种群相聚。差异系数分析表明,乌江种群与沅江和柳江种群在尾柄长/体长性状上的差异达到亚种水平(差异性系数>1.28)。综上可知,贵州3个斑鳜种群在形态学上存在一定差异,其中柳江与沅江形态差异较小,乌江与其差异较大,建立的判别方程可对3个种群进行区分。本研究结果可用于3个水系斑鳜种群的识别,也可为种群保护和育种利用提供理论依据。

Morphological Differences among Three Wild Populations of Spotted Mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri in Guizhou Province

The morphometric differentiation of wild spotted mandarinfish Siniperca kneri among three different sampling sites of Yuanjiang,Liujiang and Wujiang rivers in Guizhou province were assessed using multivariate analysis methods based on the measured morphological data and the truss network.After data standardization and parameter selection for original data,the statistical analysis was performed on 12 proportional traits and 12 countable traits.The results showed that among the three populations there were significant differences among the nine countable traits in the single factor analysis(P<0.05).Six principal components were constructed,with cumulative contributory ratio of 72.668%.The top three principal components were mainly affected by characters,including body width,caudal peduncle shape,and distance between the eyes.A stepwise discriminant method was used to establish the characteristic discriminant functions of the three stocks,which revealed that the total accuracy rate of discrimination by the cross-validated method was 81.5%.Based on the morphological clustering map,the morphological relationship between the Yuanjiang and Liujiang populations was relatively close,then gather with Wujiang population.The difference coefficient analysis indicated that the difference among the three populations in the caudal peduncle length/body length traits reached the subspecies level(CD>1.28).It is concluded that there were some differences in morphology among the populations,the difference between Liujiang and Yuanjiang was small,but Wujiang was quite different.The established discriminant equation can distinguish the three spotted mandarinfish populations.The findings can be used to identify the three mandarinfish populations in the future,and also provide a theoretical basis for population conservation and breeding.