温度对几种害虫和寄生蜂乙酰胆碱酯酶对杀虫剂敏感性的影响

田间菜蛾绒茧蜂Cotesia plutellae、颈双缘姬蜂Diadromus collaris和菜蚜茧蜂Diaeretiella rapae对敌敌畏的敏感度及AChE的Ki值远高于其寄主害虫小菜蛾Plutella xylostella和菜缢管蚜Lipaphis erysimi。与对照(25℃)相比,高反应温度(37℃)可显著增高敌敌畏对所测试的5种昆虫AChE的抑制率,而低反应温度(5℃)对5种昆虫AChE的抑制率影响不显著。研究结果还表明,高温对3种寄生蜂AChE的影响明显高于对2种寄主害虫AChE的影响。

Effects of Incubating Temperature on Inhibitions of Acetylcholinesterase Activity by Dichlorvos in Three Parasitoids and Their Host Insects

The susceptibilities to dichlorvos and the bimolecular rate constants (Ki) values of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to dichlorvos in three parasitoids, Cotesia plutellae, Diadromus collaris, Diaeretiella rapae, were far higher than those in their host insects Plutella xylostella and Lipaphis erysimi. Comparing with those incubated at 25℃, significant increase of Ki values of AChE to dichlorvos were found in five species of insects when AChE and dichlorvos were incubated at high temperature (37℃), but no obvious changes of Ki values of AChE incubated at 5℃. Higher inhibitions of AChE activity were found in C. plutellae, D. collaris and D. rapae than those in P. xylostella, L. erysimi when AChE and dichlorvos were incubated at 37℃, and these facts would be not avail to parasitoids in their evolutions of insecticide resistance in the field.