用于防沙治沙的竹纤维基液体地膜的研制

[目的]为防沙治沙提供技术支持。[方法]利用天然竹纤维为原料,先通过羧甲基改性制备羧甲基纤维素（CMC）,并进一步制备竹纤维基液体地膜,考察CMC用量对膜性能的影响。[结果]随着CMC用量的增加,地膜溶液的粘度逐渐增大,膜的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和透光率呈先增加后降低趋势,而吸水率则先减小后增加。当CMC用量为5 g/100 ml H2O时,膜的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和透光率最大,而吸水率最小。30 d后,沙粒表面的竹纤维基液体地膜大量降解,而沙粒硬化成块。红外分析结果表明,CMC与玉米淀粉（ST）或PVA大分子之间发生了交联作用,形成了互穿网络结构。[结论]该研究成功研制了竹纤维基液体地膜,该地膜具有良好的降解和防沙治沙效果。

Preparation of Liquid Mulching Film with Bamboo Fiber Substrate for Sand Prevention and Control

[Objective] The aim of the study was to supply technical support for sand prevention and control.[Method] With natural bamboo fiber as raw material,first,the carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) was prepared through carboxymethyl-modification,then the liquid mulching film with bamboo fiber substrate was prepared for investigating the effect of CMC dosage on the efficiency of film.[Result] As the CMC dosage was increased,the viscosity of mulching film solution was increased gradually,its tensile strength,elongation at break and transmittancy showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing and its absorption rate was first reduced and then increased.When CMC dosage was 5 g/100ml H2O,the tensile strength,elongation at break and transmittancy of film were highest and its absorption rate was lowest.After 30 d,the liquid mulching film with bamboo fiber substrate on the surface of sand particles was degraded greatly and the sand particles were hardened and caked.The results from infrared analysis showed that there was crosslinking action generated between CMC and corn starch(ST) or PVA macromolecule and a interpenetrating polymer network structure was formed.[Conclusion] The liquid mulching film with bamboo fiber substrate was prepared successfully in this study and this mulching film possessed good degradability and sand prevention and control effect.