施用控释肥对粳稻生长发育及产量的影响

在湘南丘陵区红壤稻田，连续2年用粳稻Unbongbyeo品种，进行控释肥（LCU）一季稻田间试验，采用田间系统观测与实内考查分析相结合的研究方法。研究结果表明：水稻分蘖苗数以施用控释肥LCU70≥NPK＞LCU50＞PK；施控释肥LCU70、LCU50比尿素处理的水稻成穗率分别高6.3%、4.5%。叶片、茎杆、根系的干物质增长量均以施用控释肥高于其他处理。按处理排序：LCU70＞NPK＞LCU50＞PK。处理间差异显著。叶面积系数（LAI）以施用控释肥LCU70处理的6.50最高，比NPK、LCU50处理高1.04、1.51。粳稻Unbongbyeo品种产量结果：控释肥处理的氮素用量为常规施肥（NPK）氮素用量70%时，其稻谷产量比常规施肥高6.72%，产量差异显著；控释肥处理的氮素用量为常规施肥（NPK）处理50%时，其稻谷产量与常规施肥的稻谷产量相等，两者间产量差异不显著。即表明：施用控释肥可减少氮素用量30%~50%。

Application of Controlled-release Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Japonica Rice

Under the Controlled-release fertilizer (LCU) paddy research of Unbongbyeo, a Japonica variety, in the red soil hilly fields of southern Hunan for two consecutive years, with a systemic field observation combined with real time analysis.The result is: the tiller rice seedlings, Controlled-release Fertilizer LCU70≥NPK＞LCU50＞PK; while the rice panicle rates of controlled-release fertilizer LCU70 and LCU50 are 6.3% and 4.5% higher than those of urea treatment respectively.The increases of dry matters in leaves, stem and root are higher under the application of controlled release fertilizer than other treatments. Ranking by treatment, it will be: LCU70＞NPK＞LCU50＞PK. The controlled release fertilizer LCU70 also has the highest Leaf area index (LAI) 6.50, which 1.04 and 1.51 higher than NPK and LCU50 respectively.The yield of Unbongbyeo is: While the amount of nitrogen used in Controlled-release fertilizer is 70% of its in conventional fertilization (NPK), the rice yield is 6.72% higher than that of conventional fertilization, the yield difference is significant; While the amount of nitrogen used in Controlled-release fertilizer is 50% of its in conventional fertilization (NPK), the yields equivalent, the yield difference is not significant. It shows that the application of controlled release fertilizer can reduce the usage amount of nitrogen by 30%~50%.