诱导多能干细胞(iPSCs)及其医疗应用的研究进展

诱导多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells)的研究是现阶段生命科学领域的热点之一,它建立了一种全新的、相对易操作而较稳定的体细胞核重编程方法,在生物学基础研究和临床应用方面具有潜在的价值。然而,研究过程中发现iPS细胞存在诱导频率过低、致瘤性、临床应用安全等一系列问题。目前,iPS细胞的研究主要集中于诱导方法的优化、iPS细胞转化率的提高以及iPS细胞癌变风险的降低等方面,并且在多个领域取得了重大突破。文中主要综述了iPS细胞的研究历程、iPS细胞的最新研究进展及其在医疗领域的应用前景。

Research Progress of iPSCs and Its Medical Application

The study on iPS cells is one of the hotspots at the present stage of life sciences research. IPS ceils originate a relative easy-to-use and more stable somatic cell nuclear reprogramming method, and have a potential value in basic research of biology and clinical application. However, it was found in the course of the study that the iPS cells have a series of problems such as too low frequency of induction, tumorigen- esis, safety of clinical application and otherwise. At presents the research of iPS cells has focused on the optimization of inducing method, the increase on transformation efficiency of iPS cells and the reduction of cancerigenic risk, etc. And the major breakthrough has been made in many areas. The history of iPS cell research, the latest research progress of iPS cells, and the application prospects of iPS cells in the medical field were reviewed.