均匀设计法优化短果杜鹃高效快繁体系

[目的]建立短果杜鹃高效快繁体系，实现短果杜鹃的高效离体快繁。[方法]以短果杜鹃嫩茎段为外植体，选用U10（10^8）均匀表，考察IAA、IBA、NAA和GA，浓度交叉配比对短果杜鹃腋芽生长伸长及生根的影响，筛选最适合短果杜鹃腋芽萌发生长及生根的培养基。继代快繁采取节培法。[结果]最适合嫩茎段的腋芽萌发生长及生根的最佳培养基为MS（改良）＋IAA0．15mg／L＋IBA0．30mg／L＋GA，3．00mg／L，再生率达92％以上。以再生植株的茎节为材料进行快繁的结果表明，在35d的1个培养周期内增殖倍数平均达45以上。待苗根长至2．0cm以上时，从培养瓶中取出试管苗，在含有5．00mg／L杀毒矾溶液中洗去苗上残留的琼脂，然后将苗植入经20倍杀毒矾消毒过的腐烂松针、泥炭土和细河砂混合（比例为2：2：1）的基质中，用透光好的塑料薄膜覆盖以保湿保温，湿度保持在75％，温度控制在（18±2）℃，每天自然光照8h，每天中午通风换气10min。10d后揭去薄膜，每天早晚喷洒清水各1次。采用上述炼苗和移栽方法，短果杜鹃试管苗的成活率达95％以上。[结论]该研究建立了短果杜鹃的高效快繁体系，为长白山高山杜鹃的开发利用和工厂化育苗提供了依据。

Optimizing Efficient Micropropagation System of Rhododendron Brachycarpum D. Don by Uniform Design Method

[Objective] The study was conducted to establish a high efficient micropropagation system for Rhododendron Brachycarpum D. Don and realize the high efficiency in vitro micropropagation of R. brachycarpum. [ Method ] Young stems of R. brachycarpum were used as explants, suitable medium compositions for axillary bud growing and rooting were screened through uniform design exPeriments. [ Result] MS （modified） ＋ IAA 0,15 mg/ L ＋ IBA 0.30 mg/L ＋ GA3 3.00 mg/L was the most suitable medium with the regeneration rate of 92%. Stems each with one node were cut from regenerated shoots and cultured for propagation, the proliferative multiple was over 45 within one culture period of 35 d. [ Conclusion] High efficient micropropagation system of R. brachycarpum has been successfully established, which provides some basis for development and utilization and industrial seedling growth of the alpine rhododendron in Changbai Mountain northeast China.