不同品种大果沙棘种子特性研究

在黑龙江绥棱和内蒙古磴口试验区对俄罗斯11个大果沙棘品种和蒙古1个大果沙棘品种的种子特性进行了探讨,结果如下:(1)中国沙棘种子千粒质量、种子特征值明显低于引进大果沙棘品种.绥棱试验点供试的11个引进品种千粒质量及种子特征值均比磴口试验点高;根据种子长宽比及形状,对中国沙棘与大果沙棘进行了初步的划分.(2)大部分品种种子的宽度及长度在遗传和对环境适应上具有紧密相关性,种子厚度的遗传比较稳定,对环境的变化不敏感.(3)种子特征指标,如种子长度、宽度、长宽比3个指标与千粒质量呈极显著相关,特别是种子长度;千粒质量与百果质量呈现极显著线性相关.(4)发芽初期,中国沙棘的发芽率较引进品种高;发芽第14天时,所有供试品种的发芽率均达到了最大,发芽率高的品种有乌兰格木、丰产、巨人、绥棘1号、卡图尼礼品,发芽率≥67%.(5)不同大果沙棘种子的总黄酮、维生素E含量均具明显差异;引进品种的饱和脂肪酸显著高于中国沙棘;不同大果沙棘品种的饱和脂肪酸差异明显.

A Study on Seed Characteristics of Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn

Seed characteristics of 11 Russian Cultivars and 1 Mongolian Cultivar of sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides) were studied at 2 sites in Shuiling of Heilongjiang and Dengkou of Inner Mongolia.The results showed:((1)The) 1 000-seed-weight and the value of seed characteristics of Chinese Sea Buckthorn were lower obviously than Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn introduced;The 1 000-seed-weight and the value of seed characteristics of Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn in Shuiling were higher than that in Dengkou;according to the ratio of length to width and figure of seed,Chinese Sea Buckthorn and Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn could be divided initially.(2)For most Cultivars,the correlation of width and length was stable for the factors of genetics and environment,comparatively,the thickness was relatively stable.(3)The seed characteristics,such as length,width,ratio of length to width,had greatly obvious relationship,especially for the length of seed;the 1 000-seed-weight and 100-berry-weight had significantly linear correlation.(4)At the beginning of germination,the germination percentage of Chinese Sea Buckthorn was more higher than that of Cultivars introduced;14 days later,all Cultivars got to the biggest germination percentage,the Cultivars whose germination percentage was above 67% included Wulangemu,Fengchan,Juren,No.1 of Shuijing and Katunilipin.(5)The content of vitamin E and total flavones in seed of different Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn had significant difference;the saturated fatty acid of introduced Cultivars was obviously higher than that of Chinese Sea Buckthorn,and the saturated fatty acid in seed of different Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn had significant difference.