Multiple resistance in goat-derived Ostertagia and the efficacy of moxidectin and combinations of other anthelmintics

Faecal egg count reduction tests were used to identify a strain of Ostertagia circumcincta/trifurcata complex in goats which was resistant to: ivermectin (at 0.2 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg orally), oxfendazole (at 5 mg/kg orally), levamisole (at 12 mg/kg orally) and fenbendazole (at 5 mg/kg orally) combined with levamisole (at 9.4 mg/kg orally). The percentage reductions achieved in these faecal egg count reduction tests were respectively 27%, 83%, 82%, 79% and 82%. Moxidectin (at 0.2 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection), fenbendazole (at 10 mg/kg orally) combined with levamisole (at 18.8 mg/kg orally), ivermectin (at 0.4 mg/kg orally) combined with oxfendazole (at 10 mg/kg orally) and ivermectin (at 0.4 mg/kg orally) combined with levamisole (at 12 mg/kg orally) were effective in removing these nematodes in goats as determined by faecal egg count reduction tests. These drenches achieved reductions of 100%, 100%, 98% and 100% respectively.