外生菌根提高植物抗铝性机理研究进展

外生菌根真菌是土壤中一类重要的微生物,能与70%￣75%的森林树种形成外生菌根。它可以促进植物对养分的吸收和利用,提高酸性土壤上植物的抗铝性。外生菌根主要通过以下几方面来增强植物的抗铝能力:(1)扩大吸收面积,增加植物对养分的吸收;(2)排斥或吸附铝离子,阻止其向植物根系运输;(3)有机酸或其它有机物质的分泌增加,提高对铝离子的螯合和对钙、镁等离子的溶解能力;(4)增加激素的分泌,促进植物生长;(5)促进植物生长稀释铝和液泡区域化隔离铝。

Mechanism on Increasing Plant Aluminium Resistance by Ectomycorrhizae

Ectomycorrhizal fungi, a group of important microorganism in soil which can form symbiont with 70%~75% of the forest trees, could enhance plant''s ability of absorbing and utilizing of nutrient and of tolerating to Al. The mechanism on improving plant aluminium resistance by ectomycorrhizae showed as follows: (1) enhanced plant''s ability of absorbing of nutrient by hyphae; (2) prevented aluminium from transporting to roots by excluding or adsorbing by ectomycorrhizal fungi; (3) improved the ability to chelate Al or dissolve Ca and Mg by increasing exudation of organic acids or other substances; (4) promoted hormone exudation; (5) diluted Al concentration in plant by promoting plant growth and isolated Al in vacuole.